Post-Communist Transformation Revisited

Illner, Michal

doi:10.13060/00380288.1996.32.12.06

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This implementation comes up against government officials and economists, who under-estimate the problem of varying tempos and the interconnectedness of changes in the legal-administrative, political, economic and cultural domains [e.g. Dahrendorf 1991, Srubar 1994, Večerník 1996, Sztompka 1996, Illner 1996].…”

Section: How Can Fundamental Changes In Society Be Viewed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A General Interpretation of Transition in the Czech Republic (1989-1993)

Kabele¹

1999

Czech Sociological Review

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General interpretations of societal transition provide overall pictures of fundamental changes, their basic trends, their time scales, and the clashes between the main players. These interpretations allow both participants and analysts to focus on the important historical facts and the key social processes. The fundamental changes in the Czech Republic since November 1989 are shown here as a transition brought about by the interplay of the drama of the erosion of the old regime with that of the birth of a new order. The old order was partly dismantled and society found itself in transitional anomie, which made it possible to gradually build a new one. This transitological view sees a transition as a provisional state of affairs constructed by many different persons (individuals, groups, communities and organisations). This provisional situation is characterised by a rich dynamic of social problems, together with an unbalanced and changing distribution of gains and losses. The resulting conflicts become -in successful cases -part of the universe of myth. In this universe of myth these conflicts are seen as a series of crises/tests which push the society indirectly from the old order to the new. The originally open transition comes to a close when the participants cease to see the current events as provisional. The main task then becomes the normalisation of the new order, the enforcement of its regime and coping with the formerly provisional arrangements which were in many ways 'justified' by the apparent anomie.

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Section: How Can Fundamental Changes In Society Be Viewed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A General Interpretation of Transition in the Czech Republic (1989-1993)

Kabele¹

1999

Czech Sociological Review

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“…As a result, tourist trails appeared rarely in the border zone, and only near borders with other countries of the Soviet bloc. The situation changed after the collapse of the communist system in Central and Eastern Europe (Illner 1996;Roszkowski 2003). Although the borders still constituted a barrier to communication, the border zone became in practice freely accessible and tourist trails could be marked as everywhere else.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1989 Czechoslovakia changed its political system from socialist to capitalist (Illner 1996;Klaus 2006), and on January 1, 1993 it split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the border running along the highest parts of the Western Carpathians. The period of political transformation was connected with a significant reconstruction and development of the network of tourist trails.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the network of tourist trails in the border zones of the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area

Kołodziejczyk

2020

J. Mt. Sci.

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Among the factors influencing tourist trail network development are political issues, including the presence of state borders, the possibility of crossing them and the accessibility of border zones. In the article, it was decided to look at changes in the offer of tourist trails (hiking and cycling) along the entire border of the Czech Republic after the extension of the Schengen area (within this area, crossing the border is possible anywhere, and not only at official border crossings). It should be emphasized here that the borders of the Czech Republic over most of their length run through mountainous areas and, apart from political factors, natural features should have a major impact on the development of tourist routes. In order to determine the coherence of the current network of trails on both sides of the Czech Republic state border, modern tourist maps have been analyzed, determining the number of places where it is possible to cross the state border with the help of a marked tourist trail. Based on that, two indicators were introduced to determine the degree of openness with all neighboring countries as regards the opportunity to cross on a tourist trail. Changes in the historical situation, a comparison of the accessibility of the border area before entering the Schengen area and 2019, were analyzed for two study areas using archival maps. Over a decade after the extension of the Schengen area, the number of places where tourist trails of neighboring countries approach the border has clearly increased. Crossing is more often made possible using hiking trails than cycling routes (trails of the first type cross the border every 7.91 km, while the latter every 13.3 km), but considering the speed of movement, it can be assessed that the openness for cyclists is higher than for hikers. Moreover, in many places there is still significant potential for further integration of tourist trail networks as trails created in one country often do not have a continuation on the other side of the border.

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“…As a result of political changes at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, the countries of Central Europe, hitherto under the in-fluence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, began to undergo system-wide transformation (Gilejko 2009;Illner 1996;Klaus 2006;Roszkowski 2003). These include Poland and the Czech Republic (which was created in 1993 as a consequence of the breakup of Czechoslovakia, formally Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and earlier Czechoslovak Socialistic Republic) discussed in this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Way to the Rocks—Changes of Networks of Hiking Trails in Chosen Sandstone Landscapes in Poland and the Czech Republic in the Period of Political Transformation

Kołodziejczyk

2020

Geoheritage

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The political transformation taking place in Central European countries at the turn of 1980s and 1990s influenced, among other aspects, the methods of nature protection and making it available for tourism. The changes taking place at that time have been traced in the article on the example of three sandstone landscapes, which belong to the most popular geotouristic attractions of the Czech Republic and Poland: Prachov Rocks Nature Reserve with adjacent fragments of the Bohemian Paradise Protected Landscape Area, Adršpach-Teplice Rocks National Nature Reserve and the Table Mountains National Park. These changes were analysed on the basis of transformations of the networks of hiking trails and development of other tourism facilities within the boundaries of the protected areas. Analysis covers the entire period from the end of communism (1980s) up to present days. According to the study, in the case of all analysed protected areas, the systemic transformation in Central Europe played an important role as a factor affecting the network of hiking trails. In each case, however, local factors were also important. The biggest changes occurred in the Adršpach-Teplice Rocks and the Table Mountains. In the first case, the number and distribution of visitors needed to be controlled, leading to modification of route network. The main reason of its significant reduction was to separate paid routes from those not charged. In the Table Mountains, the network was substantially developed as a consequence of the establishment of a national park there and the political changes at the turn of twentieth and twenty-first centuries which opened the border zone and forced the marking of new tourist trails. In the Prachov Rocks, the existing layout of hiking trails has been largely kept unchanged because the continuous intensive tourist traffic did not allow any reductions, even if these would help to protect the environment. On the other hand, the network was really well developed, that it did not require further growth. Today's networks of tourist trails in the Prachov Rocks and some parts of the Table Mountains seem too developed, taking into account the protective regime of both areas. In terms of interpretation of geoheritage, the most extensive and targeted offer can be found in the Table Mountains National Park. Referring to the methods used, the graph theory cannot be applied easily to tourist trails networks, especially when a dissected landscape is analysed. A simple but very helpful indicator illustrating the development of the network is the density of tourist trails per square kilometre.

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Post-Communist Transformation Revisited

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

A General Interpretation of Transition in the Czech Republic (1989-1993)

A General Interpretation of Transition in the Czech Republic (1989-1993)

Changes in the network of tourist trails in the border zones of the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area

The Way to the Rocks—Changes of Networks of Hiking Trails in Chosen Sandstone Landscapes in Poland and the Czech Republic in the Period of Political Transformation

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