Post-combustion carbon capture

Abstract

CCS, Carbon Capture and Storage, is considered a promising technology to abate CO2 emissions from point sources. The present review deals with the principle of postcombustion capture techniques, including thermal or pressure swing principles, adsorption or absorption, and electrical swing or membrane separation processes.Opportunities and challenges are assessed. In the first section of absorption processes, several commercial technologies are compared, and complemented by the aqueous or chilled ammonia (NH3) process, and a dual or strong alkali absorption. The second section deals with adsorption where fixed beds, circulating fluidized beds and countercurrent bed configurations will be discussed, with special focus on the different adsorbents ranging from zeolites or activated carbon, to more complex aminefunctionalized adsorbents, nanotubes or metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and alkali-

Membrane Technologies for Decarbonization

“…Among the existing methods for removing carbon dioxide from various process gases, absorption methods for purifying gases are most widely used in industry [78,79]. As an absorbent, aqueous solutions of alkanolamines are used first due to their rather high chemical activity, which bind carbon dioxide in the form of carbonates and bicarbonates through the stage of carbamate formation [79,80], whereas part of the carbon dioxide can be absorbed by amine solutions due to physical absorption according to Henry's law [81]. The advantage of using alkanolamine solutions is the reversibility of carbon dioxide binding, which makes it possible to regenerate the absorbent at temperatures up to 120-140°C [81].…”

Tailoring Amine-Functionalized Ti-MOFs via a Mixed Ligands Strategy for High-Efficiency CO2 Capture

“…More than 85% of the worldwide energy demand is provided by the combustion of fossil fuels [1,2], but at the cost of considerable CO 2 (3 × 10 13 kg CO 2 per year) being emitted into the atmosphere, thus leading to the daunting greenhouse effect [3][4][5]. The carbon capture and storage/sequestration (CCS) technology therefore has been proposed to mitigate emissions of atmospheric CO 2 .…”

Intensification of methane production from waste frying oil in a biogas-lift bioreactor

“…At the moment, physical/chemical technologies of biogas upgrading are mainly based on the separation of carbon dioxide from methane by using membranes or absorption/ adsorption processes [4]. For example, the use of membranes in CO 2 abatement is a relatively novel approach, in which the gas molecules are selectively separated from their mixture using a membrane [5]. Additionally, in the case of a membrane contactor, this process combines the membrane (acting as a gas/liquid interface) and adsorption [5].…”

“…For example, the use of membranes in CO 2 abatement is a relatively novel approach, in which the gas molecules are selectively separated from their mixture using a membrane [5]. Additionally, in the case of a membrane contactor, this process combines the membrane (acting as a gas/liquid interface) and adsorption [5]. Nevertheless, the biological approaches, when compared to physical/chemical technologies, present the major advantage of converting the CO 2 into high added-value products at mild operational conditions, such as atmospheric pressure and moderate temperature [4].…”