Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome Negatively Impacts Physical Function, Cognitive Function, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Participation

Tabacof, Laura; Tosto‐Mancuso, Jenna; Wood, Jamie; Cortes, Mar; Kontorovich, Amy; McCarthy, Dayna; Rizk, Dahlia; Rozanski, Gabriela M.; Breyman, Erica; Nasr, Leila; Kellner, Christopher P.; Herrera, Joseph E.; Putrino, David

doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000001910

Cited by 234 publications

(259 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In addition to concerns about the direct effects of psychiatric manifestations, it is important to note that delirium and stress-related symptoms (depression, anxiety, PTSD) were associated with approximately a four-times increase in the chance of developing neurocognitive impairments [ 78 ]. The persistent symptoms of long COVID-19 appear to affect cognitive and physical function, health-related quality of life, and participation in society [ 181 ]. For example, Bottemanne et al found that depression after an acute COVID-19 episode might be linked to an increased risk of some persistent physical symptoms, including pain and dyspnea [ 182 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19

Thye

Law

Tan

et al. 2022

Biology

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There is growing evidence of studies associating COVID-19 survivors with increased mental health consequences. Mental health implications related to a COVID-19 infection include both acute and long-term consequences. Here we discuss COVID-19-associated psychiatric sequelae, particularly anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), drawing parallels to past coronavirus outbreaks. A literature search was completed across three databases, using keywords to search for relevant articles. The cause may directly correlate to the infection through both direct and indirect mechanisms, but the underlying etiology appears more complex and multifactorial, involving environmental, psychological, and biological factors. Although most risk factors and prevalence rates vary across various studies, being of the female gender and having a history of psychiatric disorders seem consistent. Several studies will be presented, demonstrating COVID-19 survivors presenting higher rates of mental health consequences than the general population. The possible mechanisms by which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters the brain, affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and causing these psychiatric sequelae, will be discussed, particularly concerning the SARS-CoV-2 entry via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors and the implications of the immune inflammatory signaling on neuropsychiatric disorders. Some possible therapeutic options will also be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19

Thye

Law

Tan

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…Interestingly, in this study, some patients with asymptomatic incidental COVID-19 illness also experienced PASC symptoms, as has been described previously by other researchers. Tabacof et al reported a range of long-term symptoms in a cohort of previously confirmed or presumed COVID-19 patients whose acute symptoms were largely managed without the need for hospitalization [ 21 ]. Findings of Vaes et al also showed that COVID-19 has a significant impact on care dependency in non-hospitalized patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Patients Visiting the Post-COVID-19 Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Thyagaraj¹,

Rao²,

Kulkarni³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors may continue experiencing diverse symptoms. This study portrays the clinical and laboratory profile of patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19’(PASC) at a tertiary care hospital in India. Methodology: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients visiting the post-COVID-19 clinic three weeks after their acute COVID-19 illness. Their clinical, serological, and radiological characteristics were collected and analyzed. Results: Of the 259 participants (age: 48.02±15.27 years; 62.25% men), 168 had PASC manifestations. The most frequently reported symptoms were fatigue (n=71(42.26%)), breathlessness (n=38(22.61%)), and cough (n=35(20.83%)). Patients with PASC had higher body mass index (28.24±5.02 vs. 26.26±3.65; p=0.002), history of hypertension (52 (30.95%) vs. 17 (18.6%); p=0.039), uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (37 (22.03) vs. 14 (15.38); p=0.042), and persistent chest x-ray abnormalities (34 (20.23) vs. 10 (10.98); p=0.048). Conclusion: Fatigue, breathlessness, and cough are common PASC symptoms. Hypertension, obesity, and abnormal chest x-ray findings at follow-up are potential risk factors for developing PASC.

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“…The EQ-5D-5L is a measure of health-related quality of life widely used in cost effectiveness analysis. The EQ-5D-5L consists of 5 items (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) each with 5 levels of response options, followed by a visual analogue scale (overall health) 64 and has been utilized as a measure of quality of life in the context of COVID-19 13 68…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 12 Additional challenges with return to employment, relationships, accessing services and stigma, can further contribute to disability after acute COVID-19. 13–18 Men and women can experience disability differently pertaining to hospitalisation, parental roles, fatigue, mental health and social inclusion. 19–22 Long COVID may further disproportionately affect people from racialised communities and those with pre-existing comorbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, breathlessness, postexertional symptom exacerbation and cognitive or concentration impairment that can impact daily function2 3 6–10 and can occur regardless of severity of acute COVD-19 11 12. Additional challenges with return to employment, relationships, accessing services and stigma, can further contribute to disability after acute COVID-19 13–18. Men and women can experience disability differently pertaining to hospitalisation, parental roles, fatigue, mental health and social inclusion 19–22.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long COVID and episodic disability: advancing the conceptualisation, measurement and knowledge of episodic disability among people living with Long COVID – protocol for a mixed-methods study

et al. 2022

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IntroductionAs the prevalence of Long COVID increases, there is a critical need for a comprehensive assessment of disability. Our aims are to: (1) characterise disability experiences among people living with Long COVID in Canada, UK, USA and Ireland; and (2) develop a patient-reported outcome measure to assess the presence, severity and episodic nature of disability with Long COVID.Methods and analysisIn phase 1, we will conduct semistructured interviews with adults living with Long COVID to explore experiences of disability (dimensions, uncertainty, trajectories, influencing contextual factors) and establish an episodic disability (ED) framework in the context of Long COVID (n~10 each country). Using the conceptual framework, we will establish the Long COVID Episodic Disability Questionnaire (EDQ). In phase 2, we will examine the validity (construct, structural) and reliability (internal consistency, test–retest) of the EDQ for use in Long COVID. We will electronically administer the EDQ and four health status criterion measures with adults living with Long COVID, and readminister the EDQ 1 week later (n~170 each country). We will use Rasch analysis to refine the EDQ, and confirm structural and cross-cultural validity. We will calculate Cronbach’s alphas (internal consistency reliability), and intraclass correlation coefficients (test–retest reliability), and examine correlations for hypotheses theorising relationships between EDQ and criterion measure scores (construct validity). Using phase 2 data, we will characterise the profile of disability using structural equation modelling techniques to examine relationships between dimensions of disability and the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic contextual factors. This research involves an academic–clinical–community partnership building on foundational work in ED measurement, Long COVID and rehabilitation.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the University of Toronto Research Ethics Board. Knowledge translation will occur with community collaborators in the form of presentations and publications in open access peer-reviewed journals and presentations.

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Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome Negatively Impacts Physical Function, Cognitive Function, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Participation

Abstract: Supplemental digital content is available in the text.

Cited by 234 publications

References 31 publications

Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19

Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19

Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Patients Visiting the Post-COVID-19 Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Long COVID and episodic disability: advancing the conceptualisation, measurement and knowledge of episodic disability among people living with Long COVID – protocol for a mixed-methods study

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