Possible Sex‐correlated Transmission of Maternal Class I Hla Haplotypes

Abstract

Forty-seven alleles of class I HLA-AB loci (14 for locus A and 33 for locus B) were identified in 787 participants in two groups of unrelated families. Group I included parents and children typed for bone marrow transplantation. Group II included families typed for renal transplantation. Before statistical evaluation, the A locus alleles were grouped into eight classes according to broad specificity, and the B locus alleles were grouped according to HLA epitopes into two classes. Significant differences in HLA-AB haplotype frequencies were found between male and female offspring. When families with children of both sexes were analysed, the frequencies of maternally inherited HLA-AB haplotypes were found to be significantly different in brothers and sisters. The results suggest the possibility that the transmission of specific AB haplotypes from mother to offspring may be correlated to children's sex. The major histocompatibility complex has been shown to be involved in the expression of H-Y male-specific minor histocompatibility antigens. The possible selection in the transmission of specific maternal HLA-AB haplotypes to male offspring may contribute to the avoidance of maternal cytotoxic reactions toward the male foetus.

Pemphigus Vulgaris Is Associated with the Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing (TAP) System

“…Possible differences between the two populations in the frequency of genotypes or alleles of each SNP were estimated with the 2 method, as described elsewhere [31,32]. A p value Ͻ0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.…”

Common ancestral origin of pemphigus vulgaris in Jews and Spaniards: a study using microsatellite markers

“…The distribution of each of the different alleles at each microsatellite locus was determined by direct counting. Statistical significance of the differences between samples in the frequency of microsatellite alleles or haplotypes was estimated by the χ 2 method as previously described (25). A p ‐value of <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.…”

Association of heparanase gene (HPSE) single nucleotide polymorphisms with hematological malignancies

“…Possible differences between samples in the frequency of each of the SNP genotypes or alleles were estimated using the w 2 test, as described. 16,17 A P-value of p0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. The maximum likelihood (ML) of haplotype frequencies was calculated using the Arlequin software package (http://Lgb.unige.ch/arlequin).…”