Possible relations between meteors, enhanced electron density layers, and sporadic sodium layers

Dou, Xiankang; Li, Tao; Chen, T.-D.; Chen, C.; Qiu, Shican

doi:10.1029/2009ja014575

Cited by 60 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The identification of E s occurrence is different from paper to paper (Arras et al, 2008;Chu et al, 2014;Dou et al, 2010;Hocke et al, 2001;Wu et al, 2005;Yeh et al, 2012;Zeng and Sokolovskiy, 2010). Hocke et al (2001) and Dou et al (2010) derived E s occurrence from the fluctuations of RO inverted electron density profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case study on complex sporadic E layers observed by GPS radio occultations

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The occurrence of sporadic E (E s ) layers has been a hot scientific topic for a long time. The GNSS (global navigation satellite system)-based radio occultation (RO) has proven to be a powerful technique for detecting the global E s layers. In this paper, we focus on some cases of complex E s layers based on the RO data from multiple missions processed in UCAR/CDAAC (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) Data Analysis and Archive Center (CDAAC)). We first show some examples of multiple E s layers occurred in one RO event. Based on the evaluations between colocated simultaneous RO events and between RO and lidar observations, it could be concluded that some of these do manifest the multiple E s layer structures. We then show a case of the occurrence of E s in a broad region during a certain time interval. The result is then validated by independent ionosondes observations. It is possible to explain these complex E s structures using the popular wind shear theory. We could map the global E s occurrence routinely in the near future, given that more RO data will be available. Further statistical studies will enhance our understanding of the E s mechanism. The understanding of E s should benefit both E s -based long-distance communication and accurate neutral RO retrievals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case study on complex sporadic E layers observed by GPS radio occultations

et al. 2015

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“…Several other studies have also indicated that gravity waves are vulnerable to breaking in the mesopause region (80-105 km) owing to the temperature inversion layer [Hauchecorne et al, 1987;Meriwether et al, 1998;Gardner et al, 2002;Williams et al, 2002]. Clemesha et al, 1999;Friedman et al, 2000;Dou et al, 2010;Xue et al, 2013]. And a less pronounced link, or absence of a link, between Es and SSL is observed below 95 km [Hansen and Von Zahn, 1990].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies Clemesha et al, 1999;Williams et al, 2007;Dou et al, 2010;Xue et al, 2013] have shown that SSLs are associated with sporadic E (Es) layers. Cox and Plane [1998] reported that Na + can …”

Section: Sporadic E Layer Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, none of them can completely explain all SSL events. Some SSL events can be associated with multiple mechanisms [Nesse et al, 2008;Dou et al, 2010]. In previous research, most studies have focused on how the enhanced sodium atom density could be rapidly generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature-independent conjecture Zhou and Mathews, 1995] and modeling [Delgado et al, 2012] along with sporadic neutral metal atom layers have been studied and discussed. Third, there are published studies of the correlation between SSLs and direct meteor deposition [Clemesha et al, 1978[Clemesha et al, , 1988Dou et al, 2010] and meteor showers [Hansen and von Zahn, 1990;Batista et al, 1989]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium lidar‐observed gravity wave breaking followed by an upward propagation of sporadic sodium layer over Hefei, China

Ban

Fang

et al. 2015

JGR Space Physics

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The University of Science and Technology of China sodium temperature/wind lidar observed a strong zonal wind shear (~60 m/s/km) near 98 km between 1315 and 1330 UT on 29 July 2013 and a cooling near 96–100 km (above a warming near 90–95 km) between 1330 and 1430 UT. This suggests a possible gravity wave (GW) breaking event. Comparison of the lidar results with observations from a nearby meteor radar and with satellite results indicated that the GW likely broke down over a large horizontal area. In addition, the sodium number density suddenly increased 10–12 times (∼13, 000atm/cm3) near 95 km at 1400 UT, immediately following the GW breaking. This sporadic sodium layer (SSL), which is different from most previously observed SSL events (which propagate downward), tended to propagate upward and also appeared ~2 min earlier in the west channel than in the east channel. The horizontal propagation direction of the SSL was aligned with the horizontal wind direction, which was likely due to the propagation of a high‐density sodium layer from the northwest of the lidar site, and was possibly related to the earlier GW breaking event.

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Morphology of sporadic E layer retrieved from COSMIC GPS radio occultation measurements: Wind shear theory examination

et al. 2014

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On the basis of the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC)-measured fluctuations in the signal-to-noise ratio and excess phase of the GPS signal piercing through ionospheric sporadic E (Es) layers, the general morphologies of these layers are presented for the period from July 2006 to May 2011. It is found that the latitudinal variation in the Es layer occurrence is substantially geomagnetically controlled, most frequent in the summer hemisphere within the geomagnetic latitude region between 10°and 70°and very rare in the geomagnetic equatorial zone. Model simulations show that the summer maximum (winter minimum) in the Es layer occurrence is very likely attributed to the convergence of the Fe + concentration flux driven by the neutral wind. In addition to seasonal and spatial distributions, the height-time variations in the Es layer occurrence in the midlatitude (>30°) region in summer and spring are primarily dominated by the semidiurnal tides, which start to appear at local time around 6 and 18 h in the height range 110-120 km and gradually descend at a rate of about 0.9-1.6 km/h. In the low-latitude (<30°) region, the diurnal tide dominates. The Horizontal Wind Model (HWM07) indicates that the height-time distribution of Es layers at middle latitude (30°-60°) is highly coincident with the zonal neutral wind shear. However, Es layer occurrences in low-latitude and equatorial regions do not correlate well with the zonal wind shear.

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Possible relations between meteors, enhanced electron density layers, and sporadic sodium layers

Cited by 60 publications

References 54 publications

Case study on complex sporadic E layers observed by GPS radio occultations

Case study on complex sporadic E layers observed by GPS radio occultations

Sodium lidar‐observed gravity wave breaking followed by an upward propagation of sporadic sodium layer over Hefei, China

Morphology of sporadic E layer retrieved from COSMIC GPS radio occultation measurements: Wind shear theory examination

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