Possible points of compression of the ulnar nerve: Tricks and traps that await clinicians from an anatomical point of view

Abstract

The ulnar nerve can be subject to numerous types of compression. The most common are cubital tunnel and ulnar tunnel syndromes, but there are many others with more uncommon etiologies. The existence of additional communicating branches, median nerve involvement, various types of injuries, and unusual anatomical variations can be a challenge for both diagnosis and treatment. This review presents a comprehensive depiction of ulnar nerve entrapment syndromes with particular reference to their anatomical background, risk factors, and clinical evaluation. Even common disorders can result from atypical morphological changes. It is important to be familiar with them as it is a key ability in daily medical practice.

The Unpredictable Ulnar Nerve—Ulnar Nerve Entrapment from Anatomical, Pathophysiological, and Biopsychosocial Aspects

“…The ulnar nerve can be compressed and affected at various points around the elbow, such as the arcade of Struthers, the medial intermuscular septa, at the level of the medial epicondyle at the ulnar groove, or under the ligament of Osborne, the latter typically the most crucial site-the cubital tunnel, as well as in the forearm where it passes under the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle [32][33][34] (Figure 2). It is important to note that the ulnar nerve may be severely affected due to different types of traumas to the elbow region, including fractures and subsequent closed or open repositioning with various osteosynthesis procedures, including heterotopic ossification around the elbow.…”

“…Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at Guyon's Canal Entrapment of the ulnar nerve at the wrist level is relatively uncommon [34,165]. External trauma or pressure against the nerve can be the cause.…”

Escalada e Lesões no Membro Superior

“…10,11 A compressão do nervo cubital e das suas ramificações também deve ser considerada, decorre geralmente da inflamação crónica e formação de tecido cicatricial ao nível das duas cabeças do músculo flexor ulnar do carpo (FCU) no casos dos escaladores. 9,22, 23 Já no caso da dor lateral do cotovelo, a etiologia mais comum é a epicondilite lateral. Esta entidade representa uma tendinopatia com degeneração crónica da origem da massa extensora, principalmente do ECB, utilizado pelo escalador como estabilizador do punho.…”