Possible Metabolic Alterations among Autistic Male Children: Clinical and Biochemical Approaches

Hassan, Mohammed H.; Desoky, Tarek; Sakhr, Hala M.; Gabra, Romany H.; Bakri, Ali Helmi

doi:10.1007/s12031-018-1225-9

Cited by 49 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…66,67 Our findings showed significant higher TOS and OSI levels among autistic children with significantly positive correlations between both oxidative stress markers with CARS and a significant negative correlation of CARS with TAO, but we did not notice significant differences in the serum levels of oxidative stress markers among the included autistic children in terms of EEG findings. This comes in line with Hassan et al, 24 who reported the presence of unbalanced redox homeostasis with significantly higher serum TOS and OSI among autistic children with a significant positive correlation between CARS and oxidative stress in their study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…29 Many studies have reported an association between testosterone levels and autism features. 24,30,31 Our study data revealed a higher frequency percent of ASD diagnosis among males with a male to female ratio 5.75:1. In an agreement, 32 it was found that 461 children (81%) out of 564 participants were male autistic children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…In line with our findings, Abu Shmais et al 65 in a study of Saudi autistic children found increased levels of ammonia. Additionally, Hassan et al 24 reported high blood ammonia among the included autistic children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All patients were subjected to a thorough clinical history, including developmental history and a detailed history of the presenting symptoms. Individual interviews with every included child and his/her parents were conducted to clinically assess the severity of their autistic symptomatology using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) as described in previously published works 24,25 with total scores of 30 or above strongly suggest autism diagnosis, 30-36 have mild to moderate autism, 37-60 suggest severe autism. 26 The questionnaires were administrated by two well-trained and experienced clinical psychologists.…”

Section: Data Collections Clinical Evaluation Of the Included Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Assessments of Amino Acids, Ammonia and Oxidative Stress Among Cohort of Egyptian Autistic Children: Correlations with Electroencephalogram and Disease Severity</p>

Saleem¹,

Shehata²,

Toghan³

et al. 2020

NDT

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Objective: The current study aimed to assess the profiles of plasma amino acids, serum ammonia and oxidative stress status among autistic children in terms of electroencephalogram findings and clinical severity among the cohort of autistic Egyptian children. Patients and methods: The present study included 118 Egyptian children categorized into 54 children with autism who were comparable with 64 healthy controls. Clinical assessments of cases were performed using CARS in addition to EEG records. Plasma amino acids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while, serum ammonia and oxidative stress markers were measured using colorimetric methods for all included children. Results: The overall results revealed that 37.04% of cases had abnormal EEG findings. Amino acid profile in autistic children showed statistically significant lower levels of aspartic acid, glycine, β-alanine, tryptophan, lysine and proline amino acids with significantly higher asparagine amino acid derivative levels among autistic patients versus the control group (p˂0.05). There were significantly higher serum ammonia levels with significantly higher total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values among the included autistic children vs controls (p˂0.05). There were significantly negative correlations between CARS with aspartic acid (r=−0.269, P=0.049), arginine (r=-0.286, p= 0.036), and TAS (r= −0.341, p= 0.012), and significantly positive correlations between CARS with TOS (r=0.360, p= 0.007) and OSI (r= 0.338, p= 0.013). Conclusion: Dysregulated amino acid metabolism, high ammonia and oxidative stress were prevalent among autistic children and should be considered in autism management. Still EEG records were inconclusive among autistic children, although may be helpful in assessment autism severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Collections Clinical Evaluation Of the Included Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Assessments of Amino Acids, Ammonia and Oxidative Stress Among Cohort of Egyptian Autistic Children: Correlations with Electroencephalogram and Disease Severity</p>

Saleem¹,

Shehata²,

Toghan³

et al. 2020

NDT

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Multiple human ASD studies have examined the levels of specific steroid metabolites within androgenic, pregnenolone and progesterone metabolism, with some finding aberrant levels, positive correlations with ASD severity, and behavioral improvement following treatments that lower levels of certain hormones (47,(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). On the other hand, in a recent clinical trial of ASD children given an antioxidant treatment, levels of pregnenolones and androgens increased and correlated with improved behavior (65).…”

Section: Steroid Hormone Levels Are Elevated In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and Fecal Metabolite Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Needham

Adame

Serena

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with hallmark behavioral manifestations including impaired social communication and restricted repetitive behavior. In addition, many affected individuals display metabolic imbalances, immune dysregulation, gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction, and altered gut microbiome compositions. We sought to better understand non-behavioral features of ASD by determining molecular signatures in peripheral tissues. Herein, we present the untargeted metabolome of 231 plasma and 97 fecal samples from a large cohort of children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Differences in lipid, amino acid, and xenobiotic metabolism discriminate ASD and TD samples. We reveal correlations between specific metabolite profiles and clinical behavior scores, and identify metabolites particularly associated with GI dysfunction in ASD. These findings support a connection between GI physiology, metabolism, and complex behavioral traits, and may advance discovery and development of molecular biomarkers for ASD. Sterol 1 1 1 Gly, Ser, Thr 0 1 1

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Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases

et al. 2023

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ImportanceAlthough the increased risk of obesity among individuals with autism has been well established, evidence on the association between autism, cardiometabolic disorders, and obesity remains inconclusive.ObjectiveTo examine the association between autism spectrum disorders and cardiometabolic diseases in a systematic review and meta-analysis.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, and Ovid databases were searched from inception through July 31, 2022, without restrictions on date of publication or language.Study SelectionObservational or baseline data of interventional studies reporting the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (ie, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerotic macrovascular disease) among children and/or adults with autism and matched with participants without autism were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisScreening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by at least 2 researchers. DerSimonian-Laird random-effects meta-analyses were performed using the meta package in R.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRelative risks (RRs) of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic macrovascular disease among individuals with autism were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included the RR of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.ResultsA total of 34 studies were evaluated and included 276 173 participants with autism and 7 733 306 participants without autism (mean [range] age, 31.2 [3.8-72.8] years; pooled proportion [range] of female individuals, 47% [0-66%]). Autism was associated with greater risks of developing diabetes overall (RR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.23-2.01; 20 studies), type 1 diabetes (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.06-2.54; 6 studies), and type 2 diabetes (RR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.30-4.70; 3 studies). Autism was also associated with increased risks of dyslipidemia (RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.20-2.40; 7 studies) and heart disease (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.42-1.50; 3 studies). Yet, there was no significantly associated increased risk of hypertension and stroke with autism (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.98-1.52; 12 studies; and RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.63-2.24; 4 studies, respectively). Meta-regression analyses revealed that children with autism were at a greater associated risk of developing diabetes and hypertension compared with adults. High between-study heterogeneity was a concern for several meta-analyses.Conclusions and RelevanceResults suggest that the associated increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases should prompt clinicians to vigilantly monitor individuals with autism for potential contributors, signs of cardiometabolic disease, and their complications.

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Possible Metabolic Alterations among Autistic Male Children: Clinical and Biochemical Approaches

Cited by 49 publications

References 84 publications

<p>Assessments of Amino Acids, Ammonia and Oxidative Stress Among Cohort of Egyptian Autistic Children: Correlations with Electroencephalogram and Disease Severity</p>

<p>Assessments of Amino Acids, Ammonia and Oxidative Stress Among Cohort of Egyptian Autistic Children: Correlations with Electroencephalogram and Disease Severity</p>

Plasma and Fecal Metabolite Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases

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