Possible mechanism of the antidepressant effect of 3,6′-disinapoyl sucrose fromPolygala tenuifoliaWilld

Abstract

These results suggest that DISS may possess potent and rapid antidepressant properties, which are mediated via MAO, the HPA axis and oxidative systems. These antidepressant actions make DISS a potentially valuable drug for the treatment of depression.

Kai-Xin-San, a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, exerts antidepressive and neuroprotective effects by promoting pCREB upstream pathways

“…Impaired release of BDNF, which is a small protein utilized by the brain for development and nerve cell growth regulation and function (25), has been demonstrated to have a key role in major depression (26). The present finding of increased BDNF levels in CMS rats treated with KXS is consistent with previous reports (22). In previous animal and human studies, circulating levels of BDNF were very low and could be increased with treatment of antidepressants (27–30), which may account for its efficacy in depressive behaviors (31,32).…”

“…CMS was induced in 16 rats following the established protocol (22). Rats received 4 weeks of stress stimulation, which included high-speed agitation (10 min), deprivation of food or water (24 h), immobilization (2 h), continuous illumination (24 h), tilted cage (12 h) and forced swimming in ice water (5 min).…”

Antidepressant-like effect of the extracted of Kai Xin San, a traditional Chinese herbal prescription, is explained by modulation of the central monoaminergic neurotransmitter system in mouse

“…3,6 -Disinapoyl sucrose (DISS) is an active oligosaccharide ester component found in the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. DISS treatment could exhibit notable antidepressant effects in pharmacological depression models and alleviate stress-induced behavior abnormalities and corresponding noradrenergic-regulated plasticity genes in the hippocampus (Hu et al, 2009(Hu et al, , 2010(Hu et al, , 2011. Acorus gramineus represents the most frequently used adjuvant component in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas intended for the treatment of central nervous system complaints and it is assumed to act as a 'delivering servant', capable of increasing the uptake of active ingredients to the brain (Zhu and Fang, 1998).…”

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS E analysis of the constituents of Ding-Zhi-Xiao-Wan, a traditional Chinese antidepressant, in normal and depressive rats

“…Among these components, 51 compounds were absorbed into rat plasma in the In addition, nine components (peaks 4,5,8,17,18,26,29,62, and 78) were observed in dosed rat plasma but not in DZXW extract (i.e. those marked # in Table 1), which indicates that these compounds were probable endogenous metabolites.…”

“…Additionally, 10 -5 mol/L Polygala Page 20 of 32 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 20 saponins reportedly protect PC12 cells damaged by serum deficiency and glutamic acid [25]. Furthermore, 3,6-disinapoylsucrose (peak 7) can adjust the level of monoamine oxidase in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and in oxidation systems [26,27], tenuifoliose B (peak 31) and C (peak 23) can enhance the transfer of hippocampus synapses, and polygalasaponin XXXII (peak 83) can improve learning and memory abilities in the hippocampus [28]. Moreover, among the 25 identified ginsenosides, Rb 1 (peak 56), Re (peak 13), and Rd (peak 68) show beneficial effects on central nervous system disorders and neurodegenerative diseases [29].…”