Possible mechanism of medium-supplemented thiourea in improving growth, gas exchange, and photosynthetic pigments in cadmium-stressed maize (Zea mays)

Perveen, Anjum; Wahid, Abdul; Mahmood, S.; Hussain, İqbal; Rasheed, Rizwan

doi:10.1007/s40415-014-0124-8

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Seed treatment with CaCl 2 in rice enhanced the speed of germination, emergence, seedling vigor and vigor index significantly over untreated seed (Rehman et al, 2011) and also improves temperature resistance at seedling establishment in maize (Rehman et al, 2012) as evident from present study findings. However, improved maize performance by seed priming with CaCl 2 under high temperature stress might be due to pivotal role of Ca to improve crop resistance against abiotic stresses (Farooq et al, 2009;Perveen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Priming Improves the Performance of Late Sown Spring Maize (Zea mays) Through Better Crop Stand and Physiological Attributes

Mahboob¹,

Rehman²,

Basra³

et al. 2015

IJAB

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To cite this paper: Mahboob, W., H.U. Rehman, S.M.A. Basra, I. Afzal, M.A. Abbas, M. Naeem, M. Abbas, 2015. Seed priming improves the performance of late sown spring maize (Zea mays) through better crop stand and physiological attributes. AbstractHigh soil temperature and low water potential is one of major impediment of reduced and delayed germination of spring maize under delayed planting. Seed priming helps to ameliorate the seedling establishment under both normal and less than optimal conditions but very few studies available highlight maize crop establishment improvement by seed priming on physiological basis under field conditions. The present field study evaluated the effects of various seed priming techniques on stand establishment, growth, yield and various physiological attributes of spring maize under normal and late sown conditions. The hybrid maize seed soaked with hydro-priming (water), osmopriming with CaCl 2 (Ψs= -1.25 MPa), moringa leaf extract (MLE; 1:30) and salicylic acid (SA; 50 mg L -1 ) were grown under two sowing dates (optimum and late conditions). Hydro-priming and dry seeds without priming were taken as controls. Among priming treatments, osmopriming with CaCl 2 reduced the time to 50% emergence (E 50 ), mean emergence time (MET), enhanced number of grains per cob, biological yield and improved relative water contents with reduced cell membrane permeability including grain protein contents. Osmopriming with moringa leaf extract (MLE) improved emergence time (EI), Chl a and b contents, grain yield and harvest index (HI) including hormonal priming with SA for maximum HI. Nevertheless, hydro-primed seeds exhibited the minimum days to maturity. The present study suggests that seed osmopriming with MLE and CaCl 2 are effective not only to improve seedling establishment but also yield performance of spring maize through physiological improvement under both optimal and late sown conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Priming Improves the Performance of Late Sown Spring Maize (Zea mays) Through Better Crop Stand and Physiological Attributes

Mahboob¹,

Rehman²,

Basra³

et al. 2015

IJAB

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“…Studies show that, among other effects, Cd induces deficiency and imbalance of mineral nutrients in different plant species (Eun et al, 2000;Wahid et al, 2008;Mane et al, 2010), while the toxicity of Cd can be diminished with the use of growth promoters (Raza et al, 2013;Fatima et al, 2014;Perveen et al, 2015). Ideal plant development can be attained with the optimal physiological levels of essential nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alleviating Effect of Exogenous Application of Ascorbic Acid on Growth and Mineral Nutrients in Cadmium Stressed Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Seedlings

Ullah¹,

Javed²,

Wahid³

et al. 2015

IJAB

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An experiment was carried out in sand-filled pots under normal temperature (28±2ºC) to assess the role of exogenously applied ascorbic acid in alleviating the effect of cadmium (Cd) stress on four barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes (Jau-83, Jau-87, Paidar 91 and Haider 93). After germination, seedlings were exposed to different Cd concentrations (0, 100, 300, 500 and 700 µM CdCl2) along with AsA (200 mg L -1 ) and grown for 15 days. The results suggested that exposure to increased Cd levels caused a significant reduction in growth and mineral nutrients contents of barley seedlings. However, there was a noticeable difference in the effect of Cd on mineral concentrations among genotypes and the difference mainly coincided with differential accumulation of Cd in the shoot and root tissues. When AsA was applied to Cd-stressed plants, it decreased Cd accumulation in shoots and roots and also showed partial reversal of Cd stress effects. It was also observed that at the same Cd concentrations Cd tolerance index of Jau-83 was the highest among the four barley genotypes, indicating that Jau-83 had lower Cd contents in roots may be more tolerant to Cd stress. The application of AsA was effective in reducing the toxicity of increased Cd by reducing the root or shoots Cd contents, as well as by improving the seedling growth attributes and the mineral nutrients in barley.

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“…It is water soluble and can easily penetrate plant cells. Structurally, thiourea has three functional groups, i.e., "thiol", "amino" and "imino" groups [14]. Oxidative stress can be tolerated by thiol group, and amino and imino groups help to partially fulfill the N economy when plant is facing abiotic stress [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Exogenous Application of Thiourea Ameliorates Salt Stress Effects by Alleviation of Oxidative Damage in Hybrid Maize

Sanaullah¹,

Wahid²,

Sadia³

et al. 2016

JAST-A

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Salinity is the most damaging factor towards crop production. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of thiourea in salinity tolerance. These experiments were carried out on two maize hybrids (DK6789 and 33M15) using the optimized thiourea level (400 µM) in autumn and spring seasons, and the growth and physiological attributes were observed. Salt stress caused a substantial suppression of growth, and damaging effects were observed, as reduction in shoot and root length, their fresh and dry weights, decreased root number and shoot/root ratio, increased accumulation of H 2 O 2 , malondialdehyde (MDA) in root and shoot tissues, and enhancement in activities of some key antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) with altered ascorbate peroxidase level in leaves of both maize hybrids. Medium supplemented thiourea was found to be very effective in improving growth may be due to decreased H 2 O 2 , MDA and further enhanced the activities of antioxidants with higher accumulation of ascorbate peroxidase under control and saline conditions. Salinity tolerance induced by thiourea was superior in the spring than in autumn grown maize. From the changes in the growth and physiological attributes of maize, it can be concluded that thiourea application has a great potential to alleviate the deteriorating effects of salt stress on maize and is recommended for improving growth in marginally to moderately saline soils.

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Possible mechanism of medium-supplemented thiourea in improving growth, gas exchange, and photosynthetic pigments in cadmium-stressed maize (Zea mays)

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Seed Priming Improves the Performance of Late Sown Spring Maize (Zea mays) Through Better Crop Stand and Physiological Attributes

Seed Priming Improves the Performance of Late Sown Spring Maize (Zea mays) Through Better Crop Stand and Physiological Attributes

Alleviating Effect of Exogenous Application of Ascorbic Acid on Growth and Mineral Nutrients in Cadmium Stressed Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Seedlings

Exogenous Application of Thiourea Ameliorates Salt Stress Effects by Alleviation of Oxidative Damage in Hybrid Maize

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