Possible interaction between tobacco use and EBV in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Al-Hebshi, Nezar N.; Nasher, Akram Thabet; Speicher, David; Shaikh, M.A.Q.; Johnson, Newell W.

doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.06.005

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Among the HHVs, the Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4) is the major cause of nasopharyngeal cancers, a distinct biological entity [23]. However, there is limited evidence that HHV-4 may play a role in oral cancer [21,24]. HHV-8 is the etiologic agent for Kaposi's sarcoma located in the mouth and elsewhere that is prevalent in immunosuppressed individuals, particularly in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) [21,25].…”

Section: Carcinogenicity Of Specific Oral Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: a Functional Perspective

Al-Hebshi

Borgnakke

Johnson

2019

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Purpose of Review This decade has witnessed increasing interest in the potential role of the oral microbiome in head and neck cancers, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Most studies have focused on the bacterial component of the microbiome (bacteriome), but the fungal component (mycobiome) is also receiving attention. In this review, we provide an overview of mechanisms by which the microbiome can contribute to oral carcinogenesis, and summarize results from clinical studies, especially focusing on those reporting functional microbiome analysis. Synthesizing and illustrating the evidence, we also suggest a new "passenger-turning-driver" functional model for the role of the microbiome in oral cancer. Recent Findings In vitro studies provide convincing evidence for the carcinogenicity of the periodontal bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, results from clinical studies are inconsistent, with significant variations in composition of the microbiome associated with oral cancer. Methodological differences may partially explain the differing conclusion. However, variations observed may also reflect functional redundancy: the phenomenon that different species may be enriched in different samples, but still serve the same functions. Indeed, functional analyses of the bacteriome associated with oral cancer have revealed more consistent results, namely enrichment of a virulent, inflammatory bacteriome in the tumors. Summary Apart from oncoviruses associated with a special entity of oral cancer, no consistent evidence implicates specific microbial species in OSCC etiology. Instead, the disturbed function of an initially "passenger" microbiome within the tumor microenvironment likely contributes to tumor progression by sustaining chronic inflammation.

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Section: Carcinogenicity Of Specific Oral Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: a Functional Perspective

Al-Hebshi

Borgnakke

Johnson

2019

Curr Oral Health Rep

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“…From various epidemiological studies, it has been shown that tobacco (smokeless or smokeable) is the main cause of oral cancer incidences worldwide [144–150]. Tobacco contains carcinogens, radioactive elements, and heavy‐metal ions capable of inducing cellular damage and genetic mutations in the oral mucosa [151–157].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, SSFA2 isoforms are potentially suitable for interactions with a diverse array of molecular partners (proteins, RNA, and/or DNA) and regulating multiple molecular pathways [142]. The TDSs of SSFA2 isoforms designed using RaptorX were validated From various epidemiological studies, it has been shown that tobacco (smokeless or smokeable) is the main cause of oral cancer incidences worldwide [144][145][146][147][148][149][150]. Tobacco contains carcinogens, radioactive elements, and heavy-metal ions capable of inducing cellular damage and genetic mutations in the oral mucosa [151][152][153][154][155][156][157].…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

In silico analyses of the human sperm‐specific antigen 2 and its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Khowal

Wajid

2022

Applied Research

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Oral cancer is a serious threat to humans worldwide. The frequently diagnosed form of oral cancer is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The major etiologies of OSCC are the chemical constituents/carcinogens found in tobacco, areca nut, and alcohol. The sperm‐specific antigen 2 (SSFA2) is a crucial human gene and encodes for a protein that communicates between InsP3Rs and the cytoskeleton, regulating the cellular molecular pathways. This study analyzed the role of SSFA2 in OSCC using a computational approach. First, the evolutionarily conserved attributes of human SSFA2 canonical protein (HSCP) were scrutinized, followed by its comparison with human SSFA2 noncanonical proteins (HSNCPs); in addition, the transcript variants encoding for HSCP and HSNCP were also analyzed for sequence disparities. Molecular docking (iGEMDOCK) was performed for predicting HSCP residues interacting with OSCC carcinogens and OSCC therapeutants. Further, the protein interactome of HSCP was analyzed using Cytoscape. >70% amino acids (AAs) in HSCP were evolutionarily conserved; the AAs in the N‐terminal and C‐terminal regions were more conserved than that in the middle region of the protein. The 12 transcript and protein variants encoded by the human SSFA2 showed substantial differences in their sequences. Additionally, the human SSFA2 protein variants showed disparities in their secondary and tertiary structures. Molecular docking showed favorable interaction of carcinogens and therapeutants with the N‐terminus, middle region, and C‐terminus residues of HSCP, highlighting its strong candidature as the therapeutic target in oral malignancy. The structure and protein interactome analyses of HSCP predicted its diverse functionalities in the cell environment. Also, the sequence and structure heterogeneity present between HSCP and HSNCPs implies their varying functional attributes/roles in normal and/or diseased physiologies.

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