Possible inhibitory role of endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol as an endocannabinoid in (±)-epibatidine-induced activation of central adrenomedullary outflow in the rat

Stimulation of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors activates adrenomedullary outflow via brain inducible NO synthase‐mediated S‐nitrosylation

“…In the rats microinjected with a retrograde tracer Fast-Blue into the spinal cord, Fast-Blue-labelled neurones were abundantly observed in the dorsal cap and ventral part of the PVN (Figure 5A), in line with previous studies from this laboratory (Tanaka et al, 2012;Shimizu et al, 2015). However, these labelled neurones were not detected in other subnuclei such as the medial and lateral parts of the PVN ( Figure 5A).…”

“…Immunohistochemical study on the spinally projecting neurones of the hypothalamic PVN For labelling presympathetic spinally projecting neurones in the hypothalamic PVN, a mono-synaptic retrograde tracer Fast-Blue (Polysciences, Warrington, PA, USA) was microinjected into the intermediolateral cell column (IML) of the thoracic spinal cord with a slight modification of previously reported methods (Shimizu et al, 2011(Shimizu et al, , 2015Tanaka et al, 2012Tanaka et al, , 2014. Briefly, under pentobarbital anaesthesia (50 mg·kg À1 , i.p.…”

“…Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with a slight modification of previously reported methods (Shimizu et al, 2011(Shimizu et al, , 2015Tanaka et al, 2012Tanaka et al, , 2014. Free-floating sections were incubated in a mixed diluent of a rabbit polyclonal antibody against nAChR α4 subunit (1:1000; sc-390 884, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA) (Qian et al, 2018), and a mouse monoclonal antibody against iNOS (1:50, sc-7271, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) (Teitelbaum et al, 1999) or a mouse monoclonal antibody against S-nitroso-cysteine (1:1000; ab94930, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) (Bahnson et al, 2016) for 48 h at 4°C.…”

Epistatic interaction between the lipase-encoding genes Pnpla2 and Lipe causes liposarcoma in mice

“…Activation of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), which catalyzes the last step of lipolysis, promotes the progression of several cancers [34]. MGL has multiple physiological roles in addition to the cleavage of monoacylglycerols [35]; the mechanism by which MGL activation promotes cancer is unclear. ATGL is now linked to cancer in many ways.…”