Possible Inhibitors of ACE2, the Receptor of 2019-nCoV

Cui, Qiang; Huang, Chuanbo; X, Ji; Zhang, W; Zhang, F; Wang, L

doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0047.v1

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Thousands of compounds, biologics, and traditional Chinese medicines from databases were screened. Results from these methods suggest that azathioprine, andrographis, urtica, sambucus, astragalus, valproic acid, butyrate, and epoxomicin may be effective strategies toward the development of anti-COVID-19 therapy (Cui QH et al, 2020).…”

Section: Inhibitors Of Ace2mentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of COVID-19

Shi

Gang

Cai

et al. 2020

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

504

332

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Pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. By Feb. 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the disease resulting from infection with SARS-CoV-2 as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 represents a spectrum of clinical manifestations that typically include fever, dry cough, and fatigue, often with pulmonary involvement. SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and most individuals within the population at large are susceptible to infection. Wild animal hosts and infected patients are currently the main sources of disease which is transmitted via respiratory droplets and direct contact. Since the outbreak, the Chinese government and scientific community have acted rapidly to identify the causative agent and promptly shared the viral gene sequence, and have carried out measures to contain the epidemic. Meanwhile, recent research has revealed critical aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and disease pathogenesis; other studies have focused on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, as well as drug and vaccine development. This review aims to summarize the latest research findings and to provide expert consensus. We will also share ongoing efforts and experience in China, which may provide insight on how to contain the epidemic and improve our understanding of this emerging infectious disease, together with updated guidance for prevention, control, and critical management of this pandemic.

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Section: Inhibitors Of Ace2mentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of COVID-19

Shi

Gang

Cai

et al. 2020

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

504

332

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Up to date, very few studies have elucidated the importance of drugs targeting the ACE2 gene expression. A recent study, screening the two databases of genome-wide transcriptional expression data, the Connectivity Map (CMap), and the JeaMoon Map (JMap) detected a number of candidate agents (Pirinixic Acid, Fulvestrant, Staurosporine, AG-013608, and Azathioprine) that decrease ACE2 expression in respiratory tract epithelium with the immunosuppressant azathioprine being the most promising [34].…”

Section: Targeting Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic mechanisms regulating COVID-19 infection

2020

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) outbreak originating in December 2019 in Wuhan, China has emerged as a global threat to human health. The highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission presents a diversity of human host and increased disease risk with advancing age, highlighting the importance of in-depth understanding of its biological properties. Structural analyses have elucidated hot spots in viral binding domains, mutations, and specific proteins in the host such as the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) to be implicated in cell entry and viral infectivity. Furthermore, epigenetic changes that regulate chromatin structure have shown a major impact in genome stabilization and maintenance of cellular homoeostasis and they have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the virus infection. Epigenetic research has revealed that global DNA methylation along with ACE2 gene methylation and post-translational histone modifications may drive differences in host tissue-, biological age-and sex-biased patterns of viral infection. Moreover, modulation of the host cells epigenetic landscape following infection represents a molecular tool used by viruses to antagonize cellular signalling as well as sensing components that regulate the induction of the host innate immune and antiviral defence programmes in order to enhance viral replication and infection efficiency. In this review, we provide an update of the main research findings at the interface of epigenetics and coronavirus infection. In particular, we highlight the epigenetic factors that interfere with viral replication and infection and may contribute to COVID-19 susceptibility, offering new ways of thinking in respect to host viral response.

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“…Notably, the role of TMPRSS2 in inoculation and replication of influenza virus, cancer, and SARS-CoV-1 [185] has been well-documented. Besides, researchers are more promptly searchingfor strategies to target the inhibition of the main protein (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2, as it could prevent the inoculation of the virus in the host [186][187][188]. Although the 3CLpro is an enzyme specific to the virus, the one within SARS-CoV-2 has a large structural similarity with the one present in SARS-CoV-1 (96.08%) [182].…”

Section: Other Promising Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of Novel Coronavirus: Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches

Jha

Jeyaraman

Rachamalla

et al. 2021

Immuno

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An outbreak of “Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology” occurred in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019. Later, the agent factor was identified and coined as SARS-CoV-2, and the disease was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a shorter period, this newly emergent infection brought the world to a standstill. On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. Researchers across the globe have joined their hands to investigate SARS-CoV-2 in terms of pathogenicity, transmissibility, and deduce therapeutics to subjugate this infection. The researchers and scholars practicing different arts of medicine are on an extensive quest to come up with safer ways to curb the pathological implications of this viral infection. A huge number of clinical trials are underway from the branch of allopathy and naturopathy. Besides, a paradigm shift on cellular therapy and nano-medicine protocols has to be optimized for better clinical and functional outcomes of COVID-19-affected individuals. This article unveils a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis mode of spread, and various treatment modalities to combat COVID-19 disease.

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Possible Inhibitors of ACE2, the Receptor of 2019-nCoV

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

An overview of COVID-19

An overview of COVID-19

Epigenetic mechanisms regulating COVID-19 infection

Current Understanding of Novel Coronavirus: Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches

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