Possible inhibition of hydroxy methyl glutaryl CoA reductase activity by nicotinic acid and ergosterol: as targeting for hypocholesterolemic action

Abstract

Objective: Coronary artery diseases including atherosclerosis is considered as commonest problem worldwide. Ergosterols are the main components of vegetable oils and nuts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential hypoplipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effects of ergosterol in combination with niacin in rats fed high fat diet (HFD). Methods: Eighty male albino rats were included in this study divided into two main groups: Group I: Normal rats fed standard diet treated with either niacin (8.5 mg /kg b.w) or ergosterol (100 mg/Kg b.w) or both. Group II; rats fed HFD treated with either niacin (8.5 mg /kg b.w) or ergosterol (100 mg/Kg b.w) or both The feeding and treatment lasted for 8 weeks.Results: A significant elevation in the levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, VLDL-c, LDL-c and atherogenic factor (p<0.001) in rats fed on HFD compared with normal control while HDL-c was significantly reduced in HFD rats compared with control group. Supplementation of diet with niacin or ergosterol or combined exerts improvement in the studied parameters by lowering triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, LDL-c and atherogenic factor and elevate HDL-c near to the value of control. Niacin combined with ergosterol were effective in the reduction of hydroxy methyl glutaryl-CoA reducatase (HMGCoA) compared with control (p<0.001). The combined effect was more potent than individual alone. Conclusion: Utilization of niacin and ergosterol may prevent the hypercholesterolemia and incidence of coronary heart diseases. These functional foods act as nutriceutical as dyslipidemics.

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“…[123] Utilization of niacin and ergosterol may prevent the hypercholesterolemia and incidence of coronary heart diseases [Table 1]. [124] Similar anti-hypercholesterolemic effect is also reported in N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and sesame oil administration in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice. [125] Five major compounds methyl ferulate, methyl p-hydroxycinnamate, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tricin, and quercetin 3,4'-dimethyl ether were isolated from EtOAc…”

Dietary inflammation index is associated with dyslipidemia: evidence from national health and nutrition examination survey, 1999–2019

“…Niacin: Niacin has been extensively studied for its ability to regulate fat metabolism. It can modulate the expression of lipoproteins [ 49 , 50 ], diacylglycerol acyltransferase [ 51 ], and genes related to fat metabolism [ 52 , 53 ]. Niacin promotes endothelium-dependent vasodilation and reduces vascular inflammation [ 54 ].…”

Hepatic transcript profiling in beef cattle: Effects of rumen-protected niacin supplementation

“…Thus, its upregulation is consistent with the downregulation of PRKAG1 detected in our experiment. Nevertheless, the possible inhibition effect of nicotinic acid on HMGCR activity has been recently proposed [ 120 ], thus the role of niacin in regulating HMGCR , a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, would require further investigations in the light of evidence indicating its role as lipid-lowering molecule [ 38 ]. Although the ‘Cholesterol biosynthetic process’ was not enriched, within this BP GO term ( S5 Table ), along with HMGCR , we detected the downregulation of 3β-hydroxysteroid-Δ24 reductase ( DHCR24 , logFC = - 3.18, FDR = 0.03), the final enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway [ 121 ] and APOA4 , which is known to be involved in cholesterol transport [ 122 ].…”