Possible Future Monoclonal Antibody (mAb)-Based Therapy against Arbovirus Infections

Mancini, Nicasio; Gorini, Giacomo; Clementi, Massimo; Burioni, Roberto

doi:10.1155/2013/838491

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…While the third and the main mechanism is the cross-reactive antibody binding to the virus particle and its fixed or Fc component being attached to the receptor on the cell surface, thus promoting the endocytosis of the virus (Figure 1 C). [30] *Corresponding author: s.shafique@queensu.ca…”

Section: The Phenomenon Of Antibody Dependent Enhancement Of Infectiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6] These viruses are prevalent in developing countries, spread through their specific arthropod reservoirs and are transmitted to human species. [30] The Arboviruses or arthropods-borne viruses are included in six different taxonomic families grouped according to the type of their genome: Togoviridae and Flaviridae -single-stranded positive-sense RNA; Bunyaviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Orthomyxovidae -single-stranded negative sense RNA and Reo viridae -double-stranded RNA . [30] The Flaviridae Family includes Flavivirus genus having more than 70 viruses.…”

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[30] The Arboviruses or arthropods-borne viruses are included in six different taxonomic families grouped according to the type of their genome: Togoviridae and Flaviridae -single-stranded positive-sense RNA; Bunyaviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Orthomyxovidae -single-stranded negative sense RNA and Reo viridae -double-stranded RNA . [30] The Flaviridae Family includes Flavivirus genus having more than 70 viruses. [14] In humans the Flaviviruses cause a broad spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from rash with mild fever, hemorrhagic disease, encephalitis and even death.…”

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] The effective vaccines are available against the YFV and JEV but not yet against the DENV and ZV. [30] In general, the viruses of Flaviridae Family have single-stranded, positive sense, 9.5-12.5 kb RNA genome in a nucleo capsid of ~30nm formed by capsid (C) protein. These are enveloped viruses with the core surrounded by an icosahedral shell of ~ 40-60 nm in diameter.…”

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are enveloped viruses with the core surrounded by an icosahedral shell of ~ 40-60 nm in diameter. [30] …”

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Zika Virus Vaccine Development

Shafique¹

2017

IJVR

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Figure 1: Three different mechanisms of ADE (Antibody-dependent enhancement):A-receptors on virus particles bound by cross-reactive antibody get conformational change in structure that results in high affinity with the corresponding receptor on the host cell membrane. The corresponding receptor was not able to recognize the viral receptor before this conformational change. B-The cross-reactive antibody binds to viral and host cell membrane receptors at the same time bringing the viral particle near to the host cell. C-The Fc component of the cross-reactive antibody is recognized by the corresponding receptor on host cell membrane being the predominant mechanism of ADE phenomenon. [DENV], are the primary focus for the current vaccine and therapeutic research against ZV. Zika virus spreads by a mosquito, Anopheles Aegypti. [16] In addition to the mosquito bite, the vertical transmission, from mother to baby during pregnancy, and the sexual transmission have also been reported. Transmission[25] ZV infection is characterized by mild rash and fever.[22] However, where it infects the cells of nervous system may result in severe non-reversible complications. The neurological complications include Guillain-Barre (GB) syndrome characterized by neuromuscular paralysis .[24] ZV infection during pregnancy causes Congenital Zika Virus syndrome (CZS) which is a defined set of congenital conditions in newborns. CZS consists of microcephaly, decreased brain tissue, damage to the back of the eye, joints with limited movement and increased muscle tone . [7] Microcephaly, where the head circumference of newborn is less than thirty-two cms, has been the hallmark of the teratogenicity of ZV maternal infection.[2] ZV infection in pregnancy complicated with the microcephalic baby is a major cause of the anxiety and depression among the reproductive age women of ZV endemic area.[10] In adult men, ZV keeps on shedding in semen for more than two months after infection and damages spermatogonia in male reproductive organs resulting in male infertility.[19] Therefore, the consequences of ZV epidemic are affecting next human generations.The phenomenon of Antibody Dependent Enhancement of infection (ADE) is an important risk for the sample selection in clinical trials for monoclonal antibodies. Antibody Dependent Enhancement of infection is the phenomenon that results in magnifying the host cell infection by the viruses of same family due to the presence of cross-reactive antibodies. The respective antibodies recognize the receptors on the viral particle and the host cell membrane. These antibodies may be produced against one type of virus, for example Dengue Virus and can cross-react with the same epitopes present on the Zika Virus (ZV). There are three proposed mechanisms of ' ADE, the first one being recognition of the receptor on the surface of virus particle, inducing a conformational change in the structure of the receptor that increases its affinity for a corresponding receptor on the host cell membrane (Figure 1 A). In the second me...

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Section: The Phenomenon Of Antibody Dependent Enhancement Of Infectiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are enveloped viruses with the core surrounded by an icosahedral shell of ~ 40-60 nm in diameter. [30] …”

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Zika Virus Vaccine Development

Shafique¹

2017

IJVR

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Charge profiling and stability testing of biosimilar by capillary isoelectric focusing

et al. 2014

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CIEF was developed for the rapid analysis of charge heterogeneity of trastuzumab biosimilar using commercially available fluorocarbon-coated capillary. The CIEF master mix was composed of 0.30% w/v methyl cellulose, 2.3 M urea, 56.8 mM l-arginine, 1.52 mM iminodiacetic acid, 4.5% v/v carrier ampholytes (broad-range pI 3-10 and narrow-range pI 8-10.5 with ratio of 3:1), and 0.45% v/v 10.0, 9.5, 7.0, 5.5, 4.1 pI markers. To get a robust method to analyze charge heterogeneity, some separation parameters, including focusing time and separation temperature, were investigated and optimized. The optimized method gave good precision in estimated pI values of charge variants with RSDs of not more than 0.16% intraday analysis (n = 6) and < 0.18% interday analysis (n = 9). In addition, the applications of this method including purity, stability, lot consistency, peptide N-glycosidase F digest, and C-terminal lysine variants characterization were also investigated.

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Lessons from the Ebola Outbreak: Action Items for Emerging Infectious Disease Preparedness and Response

et al. 2016

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As the Ebola outbreak in West Africa wanes, it is time for the international scientific community to reflect on how to improve the detection of and coordinated response to future epidemics. Our interdisciplinary team identified key lessons learned from the Ebola outbreak that can be clustered into three areas: environmental conditions related to early warning systems, host characteristics related to public health, and agent issues that can be addressed through the laboratory sciences. In particular, we need to increase zoonotic surveillance activities, implement more effective ecological health interventions, expand prediction modeling, support medical and public health systems in order to improve local and international responses to epidemics, improve risk communication, better understand the role of social media in outbreak awareness and response, produce better diagnostic tools, create better therapeutic medications, and design better vaccines. This list highlights research priorities and policy actions the global community can take now to be better prepared for future emerging infectious disease outbreaks that threaten global public health and security.

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Possible Future Monoclonal Antibody (mAb)-Based Therapy against Arbovirus Infections

Cited by 18 publications

References 144 publications

Recent Advances in Zika Virus Vaccine Development

Recent Advances in Zika Virus Vaccine Development

Charge profiling and stability testing of biosimilar by capillary isoelectric focusing

Lessons from the Ebola Outbreak: Action Items for Emerging Infectious Disease Preparedness and Response

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