Possible effects of low testosterone levels on olfactory function in males

Kırgezen, Tolga; Yücetaş, Uğur; Server, Ela Araz; Övünç, Okan; Yiğit, Özgür

doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.03.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Hormone concentrations are closely related to external factors that can trigger an increase in testosterone concentrations such as the environment. High or low concentration of hormones are caused by sensory stimuli such as light (eyes), sound (ears), smell (nose), physical stimulation (hot and cold), livestock activity, stress (Duszka et al 2020;Kırgezen et al 2021), also testosterone increases in conditions of desire of mating (Rastrelli et al 2018).…”

Section: Hornedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Libido and Testosterone Concentration of Polled and Horned Bali Bulls after GnRH Injection

Hasbi

Sonjaya

Baco

et al. 2021

JITV

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Bali cattle are one of the original Indonesian germplasm, which in its development were found to be hornless or polled. Polled are Balinese cattle whose horns do not grow naturally, but have the same characteristics as those with horns. However, there are indications that polled have a lower libido. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of libido and testosterone concentration after gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) injection. In this study each of 7 male polled and horned Bali cattle aged 3.5-6 years were used. Libido characteristics were observed by recording the first time the male fondled the teaser until ejaculation, while the testosterone concentration was measured using blood plasma taken on day 0 or before injection, day 7th, and day 14th after GnRH injection. Testosterone analysis used enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The results showed that the libido of polled was not different (P>0.05) compared to that of the horned on the 0, 7th and 14th days after GnRH injection. However, in polled on the 7th day after GnRH injection, it was significantly lower than on day 0 and 14, but on day 0 it was not different with day 14. Testosterone concentration on day 7 after injection of GnRH was not different (P>0.05) compared to day 0 both in polled and horned bulls, but on day 14 after injection was significantly higher (P<0.05) in horned than polled. In conclusion, polled and horned Bali bulls had high libido with a score of +1, but on the 7th day after GnRH injection, polled had lower libido than horns. The testosterone concentrations of polled and horned on day 7 after GnRH injection were not different compared to day 0, while the 14th day was higher in horned bull.

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Section: Hornedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Libido and Testosterone Concentration of Polled and Horned Bali Bulls after GnRH Injection

Hasbi

Sonjaya

Baco

et al. 2021

JITV

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“…This highlights the complex interplay between olfaction and metabolic processes, extending beyond the hypothalamus to digestive enzymes secretion, insulin release, and psychological influences on eating behavior [ 9 ]. Therefore, olfactory sensing-dependent changes in hypothalamic neuron activity may be influenced by a variety of variables, such as the feeding state [ 48 ], hormones [ 49 ], age [ 50 ], respiratory infection [ 51 ], and neurodegenerative diseases [ 52 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Olfactory System in Obesity and Metabolism in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Matiashova,

Hoogkamer,

Timper

2023

Metabolites

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Obesity, linked to chronic diseases, poses a global health challenge. While the role of the olfactory system in energy homeostasis is well-documented in rodents, its role in metabolism regulation and obesity in humans remains understudied. This review examines the interplay between olfactory function and metabolic alterations in human obesity and the effects of bariatric surgery on olfactory capabilities in humans. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, focusing exclusively on original human studies. From 51 articles, 14 were selected for the meta-analysis. It was found that variations in olfactory receptor genes influence the susceptibility to odors and predisposition to weight gain and poor eating habits. Bariatric surgery, particularly sleeve gastrectomy, shows significant improvements in olfactory function (SMD 2.37, 95% CI [0.96, 3.77], I = 92%, p = 0.001), especially regarding the olfactory threshold (SMD −1.65, 95% CI [−3.03, −0.27], I = 81%, p = 0.02). There is a bidirectional relationship between olfactory function and metabolism in humans. Bariatric surgery improves olfactory perception in obese patients, but it is still unclear if impacting the olfactory system directly affects eating behavior and the energy balance. However, these findings open novel avenues for future studies addressing the olfactory system as a novel target to alter systemic metabolism in humans.

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“…Thomas-Danguin et al (2003) presented an overview of existing tools for evaluating olfactory function. These tests have all added significant knowledge to the understanding of human sense of smell in the aspect of how it is influenced by age, gender, diseases, medication, and hormonal regulation (Bianchi, Guépet-Sordet, & Manckoundia, 2015;Kırgezen, Yücetas ¸, Server, Övünç, & Yi git, 2020;Schiffman & Graham, 2000). Common for all the test methods is that they were developed for clinical purposes, to detect deficits in olfactory function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an olfactory test method for measuring perception of everyday food odors among older adults

Broge

Wendin

Hyldig

et al. 2021

Journal of Sensory Studies

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Age related decline in olfactory function has major implications for food intake in older adults as the sense of smell is essential to the perception of food. The aim of this study was to develop an olfactory test method that addresses the consequences of decline in intensity perception in relation to food appreciation. This test was developed in four steps: (a) Selection of diverse food odors, evaluated on perceived familiarity.(b) Standardization of an intensity reference level for food odors in relation to 1-butanol.(c) Assessment of shelf-life stability. (d) Test-retest reliability for intensity and identification. Fourteen food odors comprising asparagus, bacon, banana, cinnamon, curry, coffee, fried meat, mushroom, onion, orange, raspberry, thyme, toasted bread, and vanilla obtained satisfactory familiarity score, test-retest reliability, and a stable shelf-life except for cooked fish which was therefore excluded. This food odor test is a promising tool for evaluating olfactory performance in older people in relation to common foods and changes in preferences. However, more work is needed to further evaluate the method in practice in a larger cohort including older adults and a reference group. Practical ApplicationsThis food odor test using complex food odors is relevant in settings where meals are customized to improve food intake in older adults.

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Possible effects of low testosterone levels on olfactory function in males

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Characteristics of Libido and Testosterone Concentration of Polled and Horned Bali Bulls after GnRH Injection

Characteristics of Libido and Testosterone Concentration of Polled and Horned Bali Bulls after GnRH Injection

The Role of the Olfactory System in Obesity and Metabolism in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Development of an olfactory test method for measuring perception of everyday food odors among older adults

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