Possible Differential Diagnosis of the Degrees of Rheological Disturbances in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Dielectrophoresis of Erythrocytes

Abstract

<jats:p>Hemorheological disorders in structural and functional parameters of erythrocytes are involved in the pathological process in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim: to investigate the feasibility of differential diagnosis of the degrees of rheological disturbances in patients with type 2 DM by dielectrophoresis of erythrocytes. Methods: 62 subjects (58.7 ± 1.6 years) with type 2 DM diagnosed according to the criteria of the ADA were subdivided into two groups: medium (n = 47) and high (n = 15) risk of microcirculatory disturbances (EASD, 2013). Electric and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were determined by dielectrophoresis using an electric optical system of cell detection. Results: the progression of rheological disturbances in the patients with type 2 DM was accompanied by significant decreases in deformation amplitude; dipole moment; polarizability; and membrane capacity; and increases in conductivity, viscosity, rigidity, hemolysis, and formation of aggregates (p &lt; 0.05). Combined use of the parameters increased sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (86.7%) for diagnosis of rheological disturbances in type 2 DM. Conclusion: the proposed experimental approach possesses low invasiveness, high productivity, shorter duration, vividness of the results. The method allows to evaluate not only local (renal and ocular) but also systemic status of microcirculation using more than 20 parameters of erythrocytes.</jats:p>

Structural and functional changes in erythrocytes associated with the development of thrombosis and disorders of hemostasis

“…Помимо повышенной жесткости мембран, общая жесткость клеток резко возрастает в результате внутриклеточной полимеризации мутировавшего гемоглобина S, что приводит к образованию серповидных эритроцитов. Увеличение жесткости мембран эритроцитов в сочетании с их протромботическими свойствами отмечается также при бета-талассемии [20], иммунных гемолитических анемиях [21], наследственном стоматоцитозе [22], ишемической болезни сердца [23], гипертонии [24,25], диабете [26,27], тромбозе глубоких вен [28], нарушениях мозгового кровообращения [29]. Выявлено значительное снижение деформируемости эритроцитов у пациентов с инсультами, развившимися на фоне инфекции COVID-19, что, вероятно, является важным патогенетическим фактором острых нарушений мозгового кровообращения [30].…”

“…Значение повышенной агрегации эритроцитов для гемостаза показано при ряде патологий [25,[27][28][29][41][42][43].…”

Basic Research in Endocrinology: A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine

“…Six of the special-issue articles, Samoilova et al [ 1 ], Mustafina et al [ 2 ], Ivanoshchuk et al [ 3 , 4 ], Musina et al [ 5 ], and Kruchinina et al [ 6 ], focus on the detection and characterization of various types of diabetes mellitus. Samoilova et al [ 1 ] evaluated the specificity of hippocampal spectroscopy for parameters of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) and cognitive dysfunction.…”

“…Their results justify the strategy involving early hypolipidemic therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus to prevent the development and progression of microvascular complications. Kruchinina et al [ 6 ] investigated the feasibility of a differential diagnosis of degrees of rheological disturbances in patients with T2DM by dielectrophoresis of erythrocytes. The proposed experimental approach features a low invasiveness, high productivity, shorter duration, and vividness of the results.…”