Possible control of gibberellin-induced release of temperature-dependent primary dormancy in seeds of celery (Apium graveolens L.) by transmembrane ion fluxes

Abstract

Abstract. The temperature-dependent primary dormancy of cv Florida 683 celery seeds in darkness was broken by GA,, (2 X lo-' M) alone but other growth regulators such as BA, ethephon or daminozide were necessary to break dormancy of cv Lathom Blanching seeds in the presence of GA,, at this concentration. Although AgNO, partially inhibited both the ethephon-and BA-induced germination of cv Lathom Blanching seeds in the presence of GA.,,, in the dark it did not affect the promotive action of daminozidc. Ethephon did not overcome the inhibitory action of high concentrations of AgNO, in thelight. The ethylene synthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) did not inhibit the germination of cv Lathom Blanching seeds induced by growth regulators in the dark or in the absence of growth regulators in the light. Fusicoccin (FC) did not break celery seed dormancy unless applied in the presence of GA,, , . Germination of cv Lathom Blanching celery seeds treated with GA,,, at 16 "C in the dark was inhibited by the K+ ionophore benzo-18-crown-C-6 (18-C-6) and In the presence of Cal+ by the Ca*+ ionophore A23 187; the 18-C-6 inhibition was reversed by BA.It is concluded that the involvement of gibberellin in celery seed dormancy is not dependent on endogenous ethylene and is directly or indirectly controlled through the action of other hormones on transmembranc ion fluxes.

The Effect Mechanism of Moist-Chilling and GA3 on Seed Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth of Ferula ovina Boiss

“…moist-chilled seeds compared with the other tested treatments had higher germination percentage and reducing T 50 . The effect of cold treatment on seed dormancy breaking has also been confirmed in our previous research [12][13][14][15] and for other plants of Apiaceae such as: Osmorhiza [7,8], Ptilianium nuttalli [9] Anthriscus sylvestris [24], Perideridia gairdner i [10], Apium graveolens [11]. Moreover, this treatment produced seedlings of better growth characteristics than control seeds ( Table 2).…”

“…Various dormancy breaking and germination stimulating treatments have been tried with seeds of many species of Apiaceae such as Osmorhiza [7,8] Ptilianium nuttalli [9] Perideridia gairdneri [10], Apium graveolens [11] and Ferula ovina [12][13][14][15][16]. In this respect, gibberellic acid and moist-chilling treatments seem the most promising in many species of Apiaceae (ISTA) such as Ferula ovina [14].…”

Evidence for the accumulation of a germination inhibitor during progressive thermoinhibition of seeds of celery (Apium graveolens L.)

“…There is some evidence to suggest that gibberellin-involvement in celery seed germination may be controlled through the effect of these hormones on transmembrane ion fluxes [5] . Such a mechanism could regulate the availability of gibberellin to bind with proteins and could form the basis for light and temperature effects on celery seed germination .…”

Gibberellin involvement in dormancy-break and germination of seeds of celery (Apium graveolens L.)

“…Florida 683, a cultivar with shallow dormancy, germination can be stimulated in the dark at high temperature by addition of the gibberellins A4 and A, (GA4, 7) to the incubation solution . In more dormant cultivars, other plant growth substances, particularly those with cytokinin Abbreviations ; AC94,377, 1-(3-chlorophthalimido)-cyclohexane carboxamide ; ancymidol, a-cyclopropyl-a-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol ; AMO1618, N,N,N-2-tetramethyl-5-(l-methyl ethyl)-4-(l-piperidinylcarbonyl)oxy-benzenaminium chloride; BTS44584, S-2,5-dimethyl-4-pentamethylenecarbamoyloxyphenyl-SS-dimethyl sulphonium P-toluenesulphonate ; chlormequat chloride, 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride ; daminozide, N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid ; paclobutrazol, (2RS, 3RS)-l-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(lH-1,2,4-triazol-l-yl pentan- 3-ol . activity are required in addition to the GA 417 [5,9] . Previously, it was demonstrated that endogenous cytokinins may be involved in the mechanism controlling light-stimulated dormancy break in celery, and that this involved interconversion of cytokinins rather than de novo biosynthesis [6] .…”