Possible causes of the recent rapid increase in the radial increment of silver fir in the Western Carpathians

Bošeľa, Michal; Petráš, Rudolf; Sitková, Zuzana; Priwitzer, Tibor; Pajtík, Jozef; Hlavatá, Helena; Sedmák, Róbert; Tobin, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.036

Cited by 54 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The increased share of silver fir in the upper layer was more pronounced in basal area than in stem density and it was the consequence of gradual height transfers of silver fir from the middle layer. In the case of a more obvious increase in basal area, it was likely supported also by the increased radial growth of silver fir that was recently reported in studies from several European regions [16,24,61]. Although, in NNR Dobročský prales, the site conditions represent the optimum for silver fir (large number of seedlings, increase in basal area and growing stock), individuals of natural regeneration of this tree species did not exceed 20 cm in height and their development was limited, most likely due to the ungulate browsing (personal observation) and competition of common beech.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The dynamic of natural mixed forests is driven by disturbances of smaller scale and higher frequency, that remove single or eventually small groups of trees and favour multi-layered stand structure, but also by less frequent disturbances of intermediate or large scale, that allow shade-intolerant species to establish and survive [17][18][19][20]. Small-scale disturbances favour silver fir because of its high tolerance to shade, but on the other hand, silver fir is negatively affected by high deer browsing [21,22], the expansion of beech [8,18] and in the past also by air pollution [23,24]. Intermediate disturbances promote both common beech and Norway spruce establishment [25]; however, currently we can observe different development trends of these tree species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Diversity in a Mixed Spruce-Fir-Beech Old-Growth Forest Remnant of the Western Carpathians

Parobeková

Pittner

Kucbel

et al. 2018

Forests

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Old-growth forests are a unique source of information for close-to-nature silviculture. In the National Nature Reserve Dobročský prales (Slovakia), a remnant of mixed old-growth forests of the Western Carpathians, we analyzed changes in tree species composition, stand structure, and creation and closure of canopy gaps. The results were based on data from forest inventories of an entire reserve conducted in 1978 and 2015, extended by detailed measurements in a research plot of 250 × 250 m. We observed the expansion of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at the expense of conifers (Abies alba Mill., Picea abies L. Karst.) in all layers of the stand. Due to a lack of conifers in the category of saplings >130 cm and an abundance of coniferous deadwood, we hypothesize that this development will lead to the dominance of beech. All development stages revealed a reverse J-shaped diameter structure; however, they differed in the majority of basic stand characteristics (e.g., growing stock, basal area, tree density, deadwood volume). Most of the structural indices did not differ between development stages, confirming a relatively high degree of structural differentiation throughout the development cycle. The total gap area reached 18%, with the dominance of small gaps ≤100 m 2 . Nevertheless, only canopy gaps >100 m 2 formed by the mortality of three or more trees were of higher importance for the extensive establishment of natural regeneration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Diversity in a Mixed Spruce-Fir-Beech Old-Growth Forest Remnant of the Western Carpathians

Parobeková

Pittner

Kucbel

et al. 2018

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Scientific literature reviews have shown that, the size of reduction also depends on the distance from the source of pollution, directions prevailing winds and area orography (Krąpiec and Szychowska Krąpiec, 2001;Juknys et al, 2003Juknys et al, , 2014Wilczyński, 2006;Elling et al, 2009;Malik et al, 2012;Rydval and Wilson, 2012;Bošela et al, 2014).…”

Section: Trees As Bio-indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood of pine growing in the area nearby chemical factories

et al. 2017

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This study reports the variation of tree-ring widths and annual variation of concentration of metals (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) in pine growing nearby chemical factories. The conifers (Pinus silvestris L.) investigated in this study covered the time span from 1920s to 2010 AD. Tree-ring widths were measured, dated and rechecked using the COFECHA. Radial trace-element profiles were determined by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The combined usage of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood provides historic records of anthropogenic impact on the environment and allows identifying the behavior adaptation of trees to the pollution. Data of pine tree cores collected from the sites nearby chemical factories show increasing levels of pollution linked to the increasing of industrial activities in Poland and subsequent dust fallout around the site. This study evidences that tree rings can be used as archives of past environmental contamination.

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“…However, the downward trend in sulphur deposition between 1998-2010 was found in the most areas of Europe confirmed as statistically significant mainly thanks to the applied measures (Lorenz & Becher 2012). The beneficial effect of reducing sulphur depositions on the growth of European silver fir (Elling et al 2009;Bošeľa et al 2014;Büntgen et al 2014) as well as Norway spruce (Kroupová 2002;Kolář et al 2015).…”

Section: The Development Of Basic Cations and Sulfur And Nitrogen Commentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term changes in atmospheric depositions in Slovakia

Krupová

Bošeľa

Pavlenda

et al. 2017

Central European Forestry Journal

Self Cite

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The aim of this paper was to analyse temporal changes in chemism of atmospheric deposition in Slovakia. Two kinds of deposition, bulk and throughfall were considered and analysed for the period of 1996-2010. Data acquired from permanent monitoring plots (PMP) of Level II were used for this purpose. These plots were established as a part of the ICP Forests Programme. The changes in the composition of deposition were identified for the spruce and beech plots. The results were compared among three spruce plots, two beech plots and one mixed spruce-beech-fir plot. Precipitation pH was higher on the beech than on the spruce plots and during the spotted period increased on both spruce and beech plots. Depositions of cations decreased significantly on the spruce and beech plots in bulk deposition for all elements except for calcium. The significant decline of sulphur and ammonium nitrogen was found on both spruce and beech plots, but the highest decrease of sulphur deposition was found in throughfall precipitation (R 2 = 0.75). The amount of nitrate nitrogen did not change during the study period.

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Possible causes of the recent rapid increase in the radial increment of silver fir in the Western Carpathians

Cited by 54 publications

References 40 publications

Structural Diversity in a Mixed Spruce-Fir-Beech Old-Growth Forest Remnant of the Western Carpathians

Structural Diversity in a Mixed Spruce-Fir-Beech Old-Growth Forest Remnant of the Western Carpathians

Variations of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood of pine growing in the area nearby chemical factories

Long-term changes in atmospheric depositions in Slovakia

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