Possible cases of sexual and congenital transmission of sleeping sickness

Rocha, Gustavo Miranda; Martins, Antonio Camargo; Gama, Granado N. da; Brandão, F. Z.; Atouguia, Jorge

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)15345-7

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These lesions are capable of interfering with normal exchanges between foetus and dam, leading to foetal hypoxia and death in utero or the initiation of early dehiscence of the placenta and subsequent abortion (Dubey et al, 2006). Rocha et al (2004) asserted that T. brucei possesses the ability to traverse the placenta causing a placentitis and also infection in utero. The placentitis observed in the doe may well explain cord atrophy due to impaired nutritional and gaseous exchanges between the dam and the foetus as opined by Marcato et al, (1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

Leigh¹,

Emikpe²,

Ogunsola³

2015

BJVM

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

Leigh¹,

Emikpe²,

Ogunsola³

2015

BJVM

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“…This could allow the transfer of T. brucei, Babesia, or Leishmania infections from mother to neonate. Even so, congenital infections with Babesia (515), Leishmania (52), and T. brucei (480) are uncommon compared to congenital infections with Toxoplasma and T. cruzi.…”

Section: Nonenteric Protozoa In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trypanosoma cruzi may also be transmitted congenitally, via blood transfusion, or via organ transplantation (160,425). Congenital transmission of T. brucei has also been reported although less frequently (105,313,413,427,480).…”

Section: Trypanosomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Nonenteric Protozoan Infections in Immunocompromised People

et al. 2010

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SUMMARY There are many neglected nonenteric protozoa able to cause serious morbidity and mortality in humans, particularly in the developing world. Diseases caused by certain protozoa are often more severe in the presence of HIV. While information regarding neglected tropical diseases caused by trypanosomatids and Plasmodium is abundant, these protozoa are often not a first consideration in Western countries where they are not endemic. As such, diagnostics may not be available in these regions. Due to global travel and immigration, this has become an increasing problem. Inversely, in certain parts of the world (particularly sub-Saharan Africa), the HIV problem is so severe that diseases like microsporidiosis and toxoplasmosis are common. In Western countries, due to the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), these diseases are infrequently encountered. While free-living amoebae are rarely encountered in a clinical setting, when infections do occur, they are often fatal. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential to the survival of patients infected with these organisms. This paper reviews information on the diagnosis and treatment of nonenteric protozoal diseases in immunocompromised people, with a focus on patients infected with HIV. The nonenteric microsporidia, some trypanosomatids, Toxoplasma spp., Neospora spp., some free-living amoebae, Plasmodium spp., and Babesia spp. are discussed.

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“…Among these are the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the viruses that cause hepatitis B and C, varicella zoster, rubella, parvovirus B19 (Koi, et al 2001) and cytomegalovirus (Koi, et al 2001;Halwachs-Baumann, 2006), as well as mycoplasma (Dische et al 1979). In addition to T. cruzi, other congenital diseases caused by parasites have also been described, among which Plasmodium falciparum, the agent responsible for causing malaria, (Rogerson, et al2007;Desai, et al 2007), schistosoma (Friedman, et al 2007), Toxoplasma gondii (Biedermann, 1995;Correa, et al 2007) and Trypanosoma brucei (Rocha, et al 2004) are of importance.…”

Section: Figure 1: Placental Maternofetal Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection and invasion mechanisms of Trypanosoma cruzi in the congenital transmission of Chagas' disease: A proposal

2010

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Chagas' disease is produced by the haemophlagelated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by haematophages insects such as Triatoma infestans (vinchuca). Due to vector control, congenital transmission gains importance and is responsible for the presence and expansion of this disease in non-endemic areas. The mechanisms of congenital infection are uncertain. It has been suggested that the parasite reaches the fetus through the bloodstream by crossing the placental barrier, and that congenital Chagas' disease is the result of complex interactions between the immune response, placental factors, and the parasite's characteristics. We review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of infection and invasion of the parasite and how immune and placental factors may modulate this process. Finally, we propose a possible model for the vertical transmission of Chagas´ disease.

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Possible cases of sexual and congenital transmission of sleeping sickness

Cited by 54 publications

References 2 publications

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

Importance of Nonenteric Protozoan Infections in Immunocompromised People

Infection and invasion mechanisms of Trypanosoma cruzi in the congenital transmission of Chagas' disease: A proposal

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