Possible action of grape seed oil on brain toxicity induced by methomyl or imidacloprid of male rats.

Abstract

The present study was planned to investigate the effect of methomyl or imidacloprid on the brain of male rats. The effect grape seeds oil as an antioxidant was also evaluated. Animals were administered orally with 1/10 and 1/20 of LD 50 methomyl and imidacloprid with 17 and 450 mg /kg bw for four and eight weeks. Grape seeds oil with 4 ml/kg b.wt. was used for protection from methomyl and imidacloprid toxicity. Brain cortex and hippocampus oxidative stress (glutathione S transferase GST, glutathione peroxidase GPX, superoxide dismutase SOD, malondialdhyde MDA and nitric oxide NO), Na + ,K + , ATPase and acetylcholinesterase AChE were determined. The result showed that GST, GPX, MDA, and NO 2 were increased significantly. But SOD, Na + K + ATPase and AChE were significantly reduced in comparison with the control. Grape seed oil induced a significant improvement for the pesticides brain toxicity but not to the level of control. The study suggested that the oil antioxidants not improve the brain toxicity induced by methomyl or imidacloprid.

Biomarkers of imidacloprid toxicity in Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica

“…The recoded inductions in the activities of ATP-ase in serum, brain, liver, heart and wing muscles were higher than the control by1.47-2.48, 1.85-2.87, 1.43-2.04, 1.32-2.97, and 3.19 fold following treatment with IMI for 1-28, 14-28, 1-28, 1-14, and 28 days every other day, respectively. The present results are in parallel with the results of Abdel-Haleem et al (2018) who found that IMI and thiamethoxam increased the activities of ATP-ase in adult house ies, while the activity was inhibited in rat brain and erythrocyte following treatment with 45 and 90 mg/kg of IMI (Lonare et al 2014;Moeen et al 2018). Moreover, ATP-ase enzyme was found to be altered after IMI exposure at different levels depending on each tissue demand.…”

“…Pigeons were found to have different GST activities in different tissues and arranged as follows: kidney > liver > testes > brain > lung > heart (Kumar et al 1980). The present results are in parallel with the results of many investigators, where IMI signi cantly elevated the GST activity in mice (El-Gendy et al 2010) and rat (Moeen et al 2018) suggesting that this pesticide exerts its toxic effect by the induction of oxidative stress. However, when male rats were orally administered with IMI, a non-signi cant decreases in the brain GST activity was recorded following 4 weeks of treatment (Lonare et al 2014).…”

“…The present data exhibited inter-tissue differences in the ATP-ase activities and the reaction of each tissue towards IMI treatment, where the brain was found to contain the highest activity of ATP-ase followed by heart, serum, and then the wing muscles (Table 4). However, other studies revealed a reduction in the activity of ATP-ase in the rat brains following IMI treatment (Lonare et al 2014;Moeen et al 2018). The obtained results illustrated that serum ATP-ase activities were signi cantly increased in serum and liver either following all the tested doses, while brain, heart, and wing muscles showed signi cant increases following treatment every other day for >7, 1-14, and 28 days, respectively.…”