Possibility of the Industrial use of forsterite products from Kytlymsk dunites

Abstract

Dunites from the Kytlymsk (lovsk) deposits, which in mineral composition are actually olivine rock [i], are of substantial interest as a raw material for magnesia--silicate refractories.Using these dunites would contribute to the extension of the raw-material base for the production of forsterite articles and would improve their quality.The main physicochemical, thermal, and other properties of these dunites were studied previously [2][3][4]. The studies showed that the use for the manufacture of forsterite refractories of dunites with a low degree of serpentinization, and hence with a low loss on calcination, yields high-grade articles without preliminary calcination of the raw materials.A project was developed for a production schedule for forsterite articles from unca!-cined Kytlymsk dunites in the refractories division of the Nizhnetagilsk metallurgical combine [3]. Separate batches of industrial specimens of forsterite goods which fully met the requirements of GOST 14832-79 were made.This article gives the results of industrial tests in the lining of heating units at the Verkh-lsetsk factory, using experimental forsterite articles that were made without precalcining the raw materials.The test batch weighing i0 tons was made at the experimental factory of the East Institute of Refractories using industrial samples of Kytlymsk dunites supplied by the planning office of Uralgeologiya~The output of articles measuring 230 • 115 x 65 mm was done in accordance with the technological schedules [3]. The articles satisfied the demands of GOST 14832-79 (Table i).The goods were tested in the overflow (pouring) and main ladles of the electric furnaces, and also in the "false" walls of the slag chamber of the open-hearth furnace in the steel melting shop.When the tests were being carried out in the DSP-25 electric furnace, transformer steel was being melted.The pouring process consisted of the following: liquid metal was poured from the furnace into the overflow (20-ton capacity) and partly in the main (30-ton capacity) ladles; then the metal was poured from the overflow ladle into the main one; since a layer of synthetic slag forms in the main ladle on the surface of the metal with a basicity of from 1.7 to 2.6, then during passage through it metal jets were additionally cleaned to remove harmful impurities. The dwell-time of liquid metal in the overflow ladle was 15 min, and in the main ladle 40 min.The wear of the lining in the steel-pouring ladles is mainly due to the sudden thermal shocks, and also the chemical and erosive effects of the liquid metal and slago When the tests were done in the overflow ladle it was lined with experimental forsterite articles in only the two upper courses, and the remaining part w~th the chamotte refractories that are normally used. The life of the lining was 35 heats (average for the shop), and in this case the residual thickness of the experimental and chamotte articles came within the range 60-70 and 40-50 mm, respectively.The working layer of the lining of the main ladle was made wi...

Production and use of forsterite refractories

“…i) were successfully tested in the lining of 30-ton steel casting ladles at the Verkh-lsetsk metallurgical factory, and during the casting of transformer steel lasted 21 years, compared with 16-17 on average for chamotte linings [6]. There has been a tendency to overgrowing of metal and slag on the lining, but to a degree not reducing the productivity of the process.…”

Социальный Серфинг Молодежи Как Фактор Становления Гражданской Субъектности: Социально-Философский Анализ Результатов Форсайта

“…Каждая из этих концепций создает особый образ глобализированного мира как мира мобильности и перемещений [16]. Однако, несмотря на релевантность социального серфинга в среде молодежи, сама стратегия социального серфинга пока не получила в них должного внимания: за исключением нескольких работ [7,11], исследования в данной области отсутствуют. Так, данные крупного исследования, проведенного в конце 2016 г. Сбербанком России совместно с агентством Validata показали, что, исходя из основных групп жизненных установок молодежи, в настоящее время в России социальный серфинг представляет собой релевантное явление.…”