Possibilities, performance and challenges of nitinol alloy fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition and Powder Bed Fusion for biomedical implants

Powder Bed Fusion 3D Printing in Precision Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review

“…High degree of biocompatibility and minimal allergic response risk [118] High strength-to-weight ratio and structural integrity [119] Corrosion resistance and ensures the longevity of the implant in the body [120] Good osseointegration encourages the formation and attachment of new bone [121] Co-Cr-based alloys Useful for articulating surfaces owing to high wear resistance [122] Excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance [123,124] A good fit for load-bearing implants, including hip and knee replacements [125] NiTi alloy Dynamic implants with unique shape memory and superelasticity [126] Biocompatible and corrosion resistant [126] Ideal for vascular implants, devices for orthodontics, and stents [126] Stainless steel Biocompatibility and high resistance to corrosion [127] The availability of several grades designed to meet implant requirements [128] Economical choice [129] Magnesium and its alloys Lightweight and density is similar to that of bone [130] Biodegradable; slowly metabolized by the body over time [131] Appropriate for utilization in temporary implantation scenarios, such as bone fixation devices [132,133] AlSi10Mg…”

“…Previous researchers have effectively studied 3D-printed implants, such Charcot joints, knee implants, hip implants, spinal cages, radial head prostheses, porous scaffolds in femoral deformity, total talus implants, orthodontic brackets, dental implants, lag screws, heart valves, coronary stents, spine fusion devices, trabecular acetabular cups, and total joint arthroplasty [126,134,137,138]. Figure 8 shows PBF-based 3D-printed biomedical implants.…”

Towards a Sustainable Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process via the Characterisation of Additively Manufactured Nitinol Parts

“…Nitinol, a prominent SMA consisting of nearly equalatomic proportions of nickel and titanium, has found widespread application in aerospace and medical devices due to its commendable attributes, including shape memory (SM), superelasticity (SE), biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance [17]. Nitinol poses challenges when processed using traditional manufacturing methods given its low machinability, limited permissible cold deformation, the challenges associated with welding without forming brittle intermetallic compounds, and sensitivity to thermomechanical processing [18,19]. Consequently, the desire to fabricate nitinol using AM has grown.…”