Possibilities of early life programming in broiler chickens via intestinal microbiota modulation

Rubio, Luis A.

doi:10.3382/ps/pey416

Cited by 120 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Modifications in dietary composition may, therefore, induce changes in microbiota [31]. Microbiota composition in poultry, especially in laying hens, has become an important area of research in veterinary medicine [27]. Although some studies have focused on microbiota variation in laying hens at different phases [44][45][46][47] and under diverse production systems [47,48], analyses of microbiota in laying hens fed with plant-derived supplements is limited [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects on Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, Productive Parameters and Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Fermented Defatted Alperujo (FDA) in Laying Hens

et al. 2019

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The olive oil sector is currently adapting its traditional function to also become a supplier of high-value by-products that possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the fermented defatted alperujo (FDA) on the intestinal health of laying hens. The morphology of the duodenal and cecal mucosa, the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the productivity of a batch of laying hens were evaluated after FDA supplementation. At early life stages, significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed in duodenal villi height and in crypt depth of both the duodenum and the cecum in the FDA-supplemented group, indicating improved intestinal health in this group. Microbiota composition in the hatchery group supplemented with FDA had a higher abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and higher bacterial diversity. During the production period, significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the number of broken eggs from the supplemented group. We conclude that FDA supplementation improves the absorption capacity of the intestinal mucosa and modifies the intestinal microbiota to favor a greater immune response, leading to an increase in egg production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intestinal mucosa is the most extensive surface in the organism: it absorbs nutrients and is equipped with numerous mechanisms that constitute a first line of defense against potential hazards [26]. Likewise, an adequate microbiota composition seems to limit pathogenic bacterial colonization [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, Productive Parameters and Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Fermented Defatted Alperujo (FDA) in Laying Hens

et al. 2019

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“…Recent developments in sequencing technologies have led to a greater understanding of mechanisms and effects of these treatments on the gut microbiota and the interaction with host-related functions involved in intestinal health (14,15). It has been proposed that further improvements to broiler performance could be sought through deliberate cultivation of a beneficial gut microbiota in early development (7,16). These bacteria are preferably autochthonous and mutualists in association with each other and their host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galacto-oligosaccharides modulate the juvenile gut microbiome and innate immunity to improve broiler chicken performance

Richards

Lafontaine

Connerton

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Improvements in growth performance and health are key goals in broiler chicken production. Inclusion of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides in broiler feed enhanced the growth rate and feed conversion of chickens relative to a calorie-matched control diet. Comparison of the cecal microbiota identified key differences in abundance of Lactobacillus spp. Increased levels of L. johnsonii in GOS-fed juvenile birds at the expense of L. crispatus was linked to improved performance (growth rate and market weight). Investigation of the innate immune responses highlighted increases of ileal and cecal IL-17A gene expression counterposed to a decrease in IL-10 and IL-17F. Quantification of the autochthonous Lactobacillus ssp. revealed a correlation between bird performance and L. johnsonii abundance. Shifts in the cecal populations of key Lactobacillus spp. of juvenile birds primed intestinal innate immunity without harmful pathogen challenge. IMPORTANCEImprovements in the growth rate of broiler chickens can be achieved through dietary manipulation of the naturally occurring bacterial populations whilst mitigating the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters. Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are manufactured as a by-product of dairy cheese production, which can be incorporated in the diets of juvenile chickens to improve their health and performance. This study investigates the key mechanisms behind this progression and pin points L. johnsonii as a key species that facilitates the enhancements in growth rate and gut health. It also relates the role of the innate immune system in the response to the GOS diet.in the PCR reaction and converted into genome copy number per gram of cecal content based on the mass of cecal material and elution volume applied for DNA extraction.Data and Statistical Analysis. For the microbiota -diversity analysis Bray Curtis distances were tested for significance using AMOVA implemented within Mothur (79). Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to identify differentially abundant OTUs (82) and implemented within Mothur (79). Data processing and ordination were performed using R (R Development Core Team, 2013. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0; URL http://www.R-project.org ; 83). With the exception of Figure S2 all figures were drawn using R version 3.5.3 (2019-03-11) in Rstudio 1.1 (84,85). R scripts used to draw figures are available at: https://github.com/PJRichards/Richards_GOS_broiler. Significance tests of heterophil counts, villus and crypt measurements were performed using single-factor ANOVA with p < 0.05 used as the level significance. Non-normally distributed gene expression data were compared using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Data Availability. The genome DNA sequences of L. crispatus DC21.1 appear in the NCBI database under the accession numbers CP039266-CP039267.The genome DNA sequences L. johnsonii DC22.2 appear in the NCBI database under the access...

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“…The addition of probiotic microorganisms, prebiotics and phytobiotics in feed are approaches by which the gut microbiota of broiler chickens may be influenced (reviewed by Pedroso et al, 2013;Pourabedin and Zhao, 2015;Van Immerseel et al, 2017;Clavijo and Flórez, 2018). It is proposed that these approaches will be most effective when introduced early in life to establish a robust microbiota that benefits production (Rubio, 2019). We have recently reported that the inclusion of the prebiotic GOS in juvenile broiler feed enhances the growth and feed conversion rates of broiler chickens, increases ileal and cecal IL-17A gene expression and brings about changes in the cecal populations of key Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotic Driven Increases in IL-17A Do Not Prevent Campylobacter jejuni Colonization of Chickens

et al. 2020

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Possibilities of early life programming in broiler chickens via intestinal microbiota modulation

Cited by 120 publications

References 101 publications

Effects on Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, Productive Parameters and Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Fermented Defatted Alperujo (FDA) in Laying Hens

Effects on Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, Productive Parameters and Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Fermented Defatted Alperujo (FDA) in Laying Hens

Galacto-oligosaccharides modulate the juvenile gut microbiome and innate immunity to improve broiler chicken performance

Prebiotic Driven Increases in IL-17A Do Not Prevent Campylobacter jejuni Colonization of Chickens

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