Possibilities and Limitations of ICP-Spectrometric Determination of the Total Content of Tin, Its Inorganic and Organic Speciations in Waters with Different Salinity Levels—Part 1: Determination of the Total Tin Content

Abstract

This paper considers the features of determining the total tin content in waters with different salinity. Direct ICP-spectrometric analysis of sea waters with a salinity of more than 6‰ significantly reduced the analytical signal of tin by 70% (ICP-MS) and 30% (ICP-OES). The matrix effect of macrocomponents was eliminated by generating hydrides using 0.50 M sodium borohydride and 0.10 M hydrochloric acid. The effect of transition metals on the formation of tin hydrides was eliminated by applying L-cysteine at a concentration of 0.75 g/L. The total analyte concentrations, considering the content of organotin compounds, were determined after microwave digestion of sample with oxidizing mixtures based on nitric acid. The generation of hydrides with the ICP-spectrometric determination of tin leveled the influence of the sea water matrix and reduced its detection limit from 0.50 up to 0.05 µg/L for all digestion schemes. The developed analysis scheme made it possible to determine the total content of inorganic and organic forms of tin in sea waters. The total content of tin was determined in the waters of the Azov and Black seas at the levels of 0.17 and 0.24 µg/L, respectively.

Functionalized Schiff-base containing phenothiazine and cholic acid as a paper-based fluorescence turn-off sensor for Sn(ii) ion detection and its application

“…Despite providing consistent and repeatable outcomes, these approaches frequently have disadvantages such as being costly and time-consuming. 18–24 Chemical sensors that are inexpensive, easy to use, eco-friendly, and cautious when detecting ions are becoming more and more in demand. This requirement is especially clear while looking for Sn( ii ) metal ions.…”

Possibilities and Limitations of ICP-Spectrometric Determination of the Total Content of Tin and Its Inorganic and Organic Speciations in Waters with Different Salinity Levels—Part 2: Separate Determination of Inorganic and Organic Speciations of Tin

“…In the first part of our research, detailed information on the methods for determining tin forms, the limits of quantification, and the results of the analysis of waters of the Azov and Black Seas are presented. The possibilities and limitations of the ICP-spectrometric determination of the total tin content and its inorganic and organic forms in waters with different levels of salinity are considered [ 31 ]. The total tin content in water samples of the Azov (0.17 μg/L) and Black (0.24 μg/L) Seas was measured using the developed analytical schemes.…”