Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Frontal Lobe Function: Relevance to Psychiatric Disease

Frith, C. D.

doi:10.1002/9780470514184.ch11

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…33,34 Consequently, left hemisphere language production and perception areas, as well as regions implicated in self-monitoring, play a crucial role in this model. Activation of left frontal and temporoparietal regions as observed during AVH has consistently been implicated in language perception and production processes, [35][36][37][38] providing support for this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Hallucinations Elicit Similar Brain Activation in Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Individuals

Diederen

Daalman

Weijer

et al. 2011

Schizophrenia Bulletin

120

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While auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are most characteristic for schizophrenia, they also occur in nonpsychotic individuals in the absence of a psychiatric or neurological disorder and in the absence of substance abuse. At present, it is unclear if AVH in these nonpsychotic individuals constitute the same phenomenon as AVH in psychotic patients. Comparing brain activation during AVH between nonpsychotic and psychotic individuals could provide important clues regarding this question. 21 nonpsychotic subjects with AVH and 21 matched psychotic patients indicated the presence of AVH during 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. To identify common areas of activation during the experience of AVH in both groups, a conjunction analysis was performed. In addition, a 2-sample t-test was employed todiscover possible differencesin AVH-related activation between the groups. Several common areas of activation were observed for the psychotic and nonpsychotic subjects during the experience of AVH, consisting of the bilateral inferior frontal gyri, insula, superior temporal gyri, supramarginal gyri and postcentral gyri, left precentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, superior temporal pole, and right cerebellum. No significant differences in AVH-related brain activation were present between the groups. The presence of multiple common areas of AVH-related activation in psychotic and nonpsychotic individuals, in the absence of significant differences, implicates the involvement of the same cortical network in the experience of AVH in both groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Hallucinations Elicit Similar Brain Activation in Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Individuals

Diederen

Daalman

Weijer

et al. 2011

Schizophrenia Bulletin

120

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“…Studying the relationship between specific brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia can enable us to identify abnormal regions and neurocircuitry. Frith (115) modeled cognitive processes in schizophrenia using PET studies showing regional cerebral blood flow differences.…”

Section: Pet In Identification Of Brain Regions Associated With Cognimentioning

confidence: 99%

Positron Emission Tomography in Schizophrenia: A New Perspective

Patel¹,

Vyas²,

Puri³

et al. 2010

J Nucl Med

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PET is an important functional imaging technique that can be used to investigate neurotransmitter receptors and transporters directly by mapping human brain function. PET is increasingly being used greatly to advance our understanding of the neurobiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Methods: This review focuses on the use of PET tracers and kinetic modeling in identifying regional brain abnormalities and regions associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. A variety of PET tracers have been used to identify brain abnormalities, including 11 C, 15 O-water, 18 F-fallypride, and L-3,4-dihydroxy-6-18 F-fluorophenylalanine ( 18 F-FDOPA). Results: Some studies have used compartmental modeling to determine tracer binding kinetics. The most consistent findings show a difference in the dopamine content in the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and hippocampus between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. Studies also show a higher density of D 2 receptors in the striatum and neural brain dysconnectivity. Conclusion: Future investigations integrating clinical, imaging, genetic, and cognitive aspects are warranted to gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disorder.

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“…The preliminary attempt to investigate the neuroimaging substrates of motor ideation described above showed that this process involves specifically frontal and temporal regions (Ingvar and Philipson, 1977). In terms of choosing a movement, PET studies have shown involvement of the dorso-lateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC) during the performance of willed actions (Frith, 1991) and in particular the influence of the left DLPFC in the selection of actions (Schluter et al, 2001). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have also revealed the involvement of the pre-SMA (supplementary motor area) in the early stage of movement preparation, which precedes the onset of voluntary movements (Cunnington et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Activation Patterns Characterizing Different Phases of Motor Action: Execution, Choice and Ideation

et al. 2016

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Motor behaviour is controlled by a large set of interacting neural structures, subserving the different components involved in hierarchical motor processes. Few studies have investigated the neural substrate of higher-order motor ideation, i.e. the mental operation of conceiving a movement. The aim of this functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study was to segregate the neural structures involved in motor ideation from those involved in movement choice and execution. An index finger movement paradigm was adopted, including three different conditions: performing a pre-specified movement, choosing and executing a movement and ideating a movement of choice.The tasks involved either the right or left hand, in separate runs. Neuroimaging results were obtained by comparing the different experimental conditions and computing conjunction maps of the right and left hands for each contrast. Pre-specified movement execution was supported by bilateral fronto-parietal motor regions, the cerebellum and putamen. Choosing and executing finger movement involved mainly left fronto-temporal areas and the anterior cingulate. Motor ideation activated almost exclusively left hemisphere regions, including the inferior, middle and superior frontal regions, middle temporal and middle occipital gyri. These findings show that motor ideation is controlled by a cortical network mainly involved in abstract thinking, cognitive and motor control, semantic and visual imagery processes.

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Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Frontal Lobe Function: Relevance to Psychiatric Disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Auditory Hallucinations Elicit Similar Brain Activation in Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Individuals

Auditory Hallucinations Elicit Similar Brain Activation in Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Individuals

Positron Emission Tomography in Schizophrenia: A New Perspective

Brain Activation Patterns Characterizing Different Phases of Motor Action: Execution, Choice and Ideation

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