Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging in Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning: A Review of PET Imaging Tracers and Methods to Incorporate PET/CT

Trotter, Jacob; Pantel, Austin R.; Teo, Boon-Keng; Escorcia, Freddy E.; Li, Taoran; Pryma, Daniel A.; Taunk, Neil K.

doi:10.1016/j.adro.2023.101212

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 130 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since its development in the late 20th century, PET-CT has become an indispensable tool in the oncology field, playing a crucial role in tumor staging, treatment evaluation, and surveillance [ 11 ]. With the increase in the 5-year survival rate for all cancers combined [ 12 ], there is an expected corresponding rise in the utilization of PET-CT imaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

18F-FDG PET-CT Scans in Oncology Patients Treated with Hyaluronic Acid Filler: Not Always a Pitfall

Proietti,

Battilotti,

Svara

et al. 2024

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in oncology patients undergoing PET-CT scans is a topic of debate due to potential interference with imaging accuracy. A 54-year-old female, postmelanoma metastasectomy in the parotid region with subsequent facial nerve palsy (FNP), received HA filler injections for facial symmetry and functional restoration. Follow-up PET-CT scans showed no interference or artifacts attributable to HA injection, allowing for accurate imaging results. This case suggests that HA fillers administered in oncology patients may not universally pose challenges or disrupt PET-CT imaging interpretation. Due to the possible false positives induced by fillers, the inclusion of aesthetic treatments in patients’ anamnesis is a crucial step to accurately interpret PET-CT images. Although maintaining high level of caution in interpreting PET-CT results after filler injection is essential, our case emphasizes the safety of this procedure in oncology patients undergoing follow-up PET-CT scans.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

18F-FDG PET-CT Scans in Oncology Patients Treated with Hyaluronic Acid Filler: Not Always a Pitfall

Proietti,

Battilotti,

Svara

et al. 2024

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Imaging techniques, such as MRI, may be limited in their ability to definitively differentiate between benign and malignant entities, necessitating careful clinical evaluation. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with radiotracers like [F-18]2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) and C-11-methionine has been suggested for diagnosing malignant transformation [6,7], although it may not always provide conclusive results. In some cases, neurological symptoms, imaging findings such as adjacent edema, or rapid melanosis growth may be more indicative of malignancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocutaneous Melanosis with Meningeal Melanocytosis: A Rare Case of Intracranial Hypertension and Cutaneous Manifestations

Chen,

Hsu,

Chao

et al. 2024

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 50-year-old male presented to the emergency room after experiencing sudden right upper limb facial numbness and dysphasia, followed by full recovery. A brain CT scan showed hyperdense lesions within the left hemispheric sulcus, which raised suspicion of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. A T1-weighted MRI showed multiple tiny leptomeningeal enhancements in the same area, and a digital subtraction angiography showed no signs of vascular abnormality. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology revealed atypical melanin-containing cells with minimal pleomorphism. One month later, the patient developed sixth nerve palsy, which was determined to be due to intracranial hypertension. Multiple giant nevi on the legs, trunk, and scalp were also observed. A skin biopsy showed well-defined and symmetrical proliferation of melanocytic nevus cell nests in the dermis. An open biopsy was performed due to the suspicious leptomeningeal lesions, which surprisingly revealed diffuse and thick black-colored tissue infiltration of the leptomeninges. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of meningeal melanocytosis. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was then placed, and the patient’s neurological symptoms gradually improved. Based on the presence of multiple giant nevi on the patient’s skin and the finding of diffuse meningeal melanocytosis during the open biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with neurocutaneous melanosis. The patient received 6 cycles triweekly of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab 8 months after initial diagnosis. Unfortunately, the disease progressed and the patient passed away 14 months after initial diagnosis.

show abstract

“…6 Furthermore, the novel EGRT has been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional RT methods by seamlessly integrating real-time tumor tracking with treatment beam delivery within the radiation dose delivery process. 7,8 In contrast, preclinical RT techniques remain relatively underdeveloped. For instance, to address tumor motion, the simple gated dose delivery technique is the only approach currently employed in SART, underscoring the need for more advanced techniques to be implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gated delivery and more complicated dynamic motion compensation methods, such as couch shifting, dynamic multileaf collimator tracking, and robotic tracking, have been implemented for high‐performance RT 6 . Furthermore, the novel EGRT has been developed to overcome the limitations of conventional RT methods by seamlessly integrating real‐time tumor tracking with treatment beam delivery within the radiation dose delivery process 7,8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PET/SPECT/Spectral‐CT/CBCT imaging in a small‐animal radiation therapy platform: A Monte Carlo study—Part II: Biologically guided radiotherapy

Li,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Medical Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThis study addresses the technical gap between clinical radiation therapy (RT) and preclinical small‐animal RT, hindering the comprehensive validation of innovative clinical RT approaches in small‐animal models of cancer and the translation of preclinical RT studies into clinical practices.PurposeThe main aim was to explore the feasibility of biologically guided RT implemented within a small‐animal radiation therapy (SART) platform, with integrated quad‐modal on‐board positron emission tomography (PET), single‐photon emission computed tomography, photon‐counting spectral CT, and cone‐beam CT (CBCT) imaging, in a Monte Carlo model as a proof‐of‐concept.MethodsWe developed a SART workflow employing quad‐modal imaging guidance, integrating multimodal image‐guided RT and emission‐guided RT (EGRT). The EGRT algorithm was outlined using positron signals from a PET radiotracer, enabling near real‐time adjustments to radiation treatment beams for precise targeting in the presence of a 2‐mm setup error. Molecular image‐guided RT, incorporating a dose escalation/de‐escalation scheme, was demonstrated using a simulated phantom with a dose painting plan. The plan involved delivering a low dose to the CBCT‐delineated planning target volume (PTV) and a high dose boosted to the highly active biological target volume (hBTV) identified by the 18F‐PET image. Additionally, the Bayesian eigentissue decomposition method illustrated the quantitative decomposition of radiotherapy‐related parameters, specifically iodine uptake fraction and virtual noncontrast (VNC) electron density, using a simulated phantom with Kidney1 and Liver2 inserts mixed with an iodine contrast agent at electron fractions of 0.01–0.02.ResultsEGRT simulations generated over 4,000 beamlet responses in dose slice deliveries and illustrated superior dose coverage and distribution with significantly lower doses delivered to normal tissues, even with a 2‐mm setup error introduced, demonstrating the robustness of the novel EGRT scheme compared to conventional image‐guided RT. In the dose‐painting plan, doubling the dose to the hBTV while maintaining a low dose for the PTV resulted in an organ‐at‐risk (OAR) dose comparable to the low‐dose treatment for the PTV alone. Furthermore, the decomposition of radiotherapy‐related parameters in Kidney1 and Liver2 inserts, including iodine uptake fractions and VNC electron densities, exhibited average relative errors of less than 1.0% and 2.5%, respectively.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated the successful implementation of biologically guided RT within the proposed quad‐model image‐guided SART platform, with potential applications in preclinical RT and adaptive RT studies.

show abstract

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging in Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning: A Review of PET Imaging Tracers and Methods to Incorporate PET/CT

Cited by 7 publications

References 130 publications

18F-FDG PET-CT Scans in Oncology Patients Treated with Hyaluronic Acid Filler: Not Always a Pitfall

18F-FDG PET-CT Scans in Oncology Patients Treated with Hyaluronic Acid Filler: Not Always a Pitfall

Neurocutaneous Melanosis with Meningeal Melanocytosis: A Rare Case of Intracranial Hypertension and Cutaneous Manifestations

PET/SPECT/Spectral‐CT/CBCT imaging in a small‐animal radiation therapy platform: A Monte Carlo study—Part II: Biologically guided radiotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About