Positive natural selection of TRIB2, a novel gene that influences visceral fat accumulation, in East Asia

Nakayama, Kazuhiro; Ogawa, Ayumi; Miyashita, Hiroshi; Tabara, Yasuharu; Igase, Michiya; Kohara, Katsuhiko; Miki, Tetsuro; Kagawa, Yasuo; Yanagisawa, Yoshiko; Katashima, Mitsuhiro; Onda, Tomohiro; Okada, Koichi; Fukushima, Satoshi; Iwamoto, Sadahiko

doi:10.1007/s00439-012-1240-9

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Taken together, these findings suggest that CDKAL1 may be one of the key energy metabolism genes targeted by recent selection. 4,50,51 Investigation of this novel locus of selection using targeted-sequencing may provide new insights in the pathogenesis of diabetes and metabolic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel genomic signals of recent selection in an Ethiopian population

et al. 2014

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The recent feasibility of genome-wide studies of adaptation in human populations has provided novel insights into biological pathways that have been affected by adaptive pressures. However, only a few African populations have been investigated using these genome-wide approaches. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis for evidence of recent positive selection in a sample of 120 individuals of Wolaita ethnicity belonging to Omotic speaking people that have inhabited the mid- and high-land areas of southern Ethiopia for millennia. Using the eleven HapMap populations as the comparison group, we found Wolaita-specific signals of recent positive selection in several HLA loci. Notably, the selected loci overlapped with HLA regions that we previously reported to be associated with podoconiosis – a geochemical lymphedema of the lower legs common in the Wolaita area. We found selection signals in PPARA, a gene involved in energy metabolism during prolonged food deficiency. This finding is consistent with the dietary use of enset, a crop with high carbohydrate and low fat and protein contents domesticated in Ethiopia subsequent to food deprivation 10,000 years ago, and with metabolic adaptation to high altitude hypoxia. We observed novel selection signals in CDKAL1 and NEGR1, well-known diabetes and obesity susceptibility genes. Finally, the SLC24A5 gene locus known to be associated with skin pigmentation was in the top selection signals in the Wolaita, and the alleles of SNPs rs1426654 and rs1834640 (SLC24A5) associated with light skin pigmentation in Eurasian populations were of high frequency (47.9%) in this Omotic speaking indigenous Ethiopian population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel genomic signals of recent selection in an Ethiopian population

et al. 2014

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“…Nakayama et al . [30] previously identified TRIB2 (tribbles pseudokinase 2) , which is related to visceral fat and obesity. Their results may have also suggested that gene polymorphism of TRIB2 was shaped by cold climatic conditions in East Asian populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between mitochondrial haplogroup and seasonal changes of physiological responses to cold

Nishimura

Watanuki

2014

J Physiol Anthropol

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BackgroundPhysiological responses to cold exhibit individual variation that can be affected by various factors, such as morphological characteristics, seasonal changes, and lifestyle; however, the genetic factors associated with this variation remain unclear. Recent studies have identified mtDNA as a potential genetic factor affecting cold adaptation. In addition, non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), a process closely related to mitochondrial dynamics, has also been suggested as an important factor affecting human response to cold. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between mitochondrial haplogroup and NST during periods of mild cold exposure.MethodsSeventeen healthy university students (D: n = 8, non-D: n = 9) participated in the present study during summer and winter. A climate chamber was programmed so that ambient temperature inside dropped from 28°C to 16°C over the course of an 80-minute period. Physiological parameters were recorded throughout the course of the experiments.ResultsIncreases in VO2 were significantly greater during periods of cold exposure in winter than they were during periods of cold exposure in summer, and individuals from the D group exhibited greater winter values of ΔVO2 than individuals from the non-D group.Tre was significantly lower during periods of rest and cold exposure in winter; however, no significant difference was observed between Tre values of individuals in the D and non-D groups. In addition, although normalTtrue¯dist was significantly lower during periods of rest in winter than it was during those same periods in summer, no significant seasonal differences in values of normalTtrue¯dist were observed during periods of cold exposure.ConclusionsResults of the present study indicated that NST was greater in winter, and that the D group exhibited greater NST than the non-D group during winter. Despite the differences between groups in NST, no significant differences in rectal and skin temperatures were found between groups in either season. Therefore, it was supposed that mitochondrial DNA haplogroups had a greater effect on variation in energy expenditure involving NST than they had on insulative responses. Future studies are necessary in order to investigate more multiple candidate genes related to human cold adaptation and to elucidate the relationship between gene polymorphism and physiological polytypism.

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“…Another variant, the PC-1 Gln121, was also considered as a possible thrifty gene supported by studies in African and other groups (Rey et al 2012). A recent study provides evidence for a positive selection of TRIB2 gene, which influences visceral fat accumulation in East Asians (Nakayama et al 2013). In addition to these few examples showing a possibly positive selection in our evolutionary history with metabolic traits, others loci have been extensively studied, one of them being the LCT gene, at ~7,000 years bp, which is considered a prototypic example of selective advantage leading to rapid human evolution compatible with the agricultural innovations (Bersaglieri et al 2004).…”

Section: Evolutionary Explanations For Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current review of genetics of human obesity: from molecular mechanisms to an evolutionary perspective

et al. 2015

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Although the prevalence of obesity is increasing in most countries, partially due to ubiquitous exposure to energy dense foods, not everyone exposed to the current obesogenic environment shows unhealthy weight gain. This suggests that there are marked differences in genetic factors that increase vulnerability for excess weight gain. Indeed, evidence suggests that 40 to 70% of variance in unhealthy weight gain can be attributed to individual genetic variations. Moreover, emerging data imply that genetic vulnerability factors interact with environment risk, which is referred to as an epigenetic process.Whereas most scholars consider obesity to be a disorder that results from the interaction between lifestyle and genetic factors, its origin is complex, poorly understood, and extent treatments are typically ineffective. Like any other aspect of science, our knowledge about the genetic basis of obesity is under constant revision. The current paper provides a review on the origins, mechanisms, evolutionary explanation, prevention and treatment based on genotyping.

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Positive natural selection of TRIB2, a novel gene that influences visceral fat accumulation, in East Asia

Cited by 21 publications

References 71 publications

Novel genomic signals of recent selection in an Ethiopian population

Novel genomic signals of recent selection in an Ethiopian population

Relationship between mitochondrial haplogroup and seasonal changes of physiological responses to cold

Current review of genetics of human obesity: from molecular mechanisms to an evolutionary perspective

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