Positive ion composition of the high‐latitude summer <i>D</i> region with noctilucent clouds

Kopp, E.; Eberhardt, P.; Herrmann, U.; Björn, L. G.

doi:10.1029/jd090id07p13041

Cited by 86 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…They speculated that this discrepancy was due to much higher concentrations of H 2 O 2 during summer. In later mass spectrometric measurements (Kopp et al, 1985b), positively charged clusters containing H 2 O 2 were observed in the presence of NLC. Kopp et al (1985b) concluded that the concentration of H 2 O 2 must be higher than expected in order for these clusters to form.…”

Section: Impact Of Ice Particles On the Neutral Chemistry Of The Mesomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In later mass spectrometric measurements (Kopp et al, 1985b), positively charged clusters containing H 2 O 2 were observed in the presence of NLC. Kopp et al (1985b) concluded that the concentration of H 2 O 2 must be higher than expected in order for these clusters to form. The redistribution of water vapour, and subsequently the odd hydrogen species, by the formation of ice particles is most likely the explanation for these enhanced H 2 O 2 concentrations in the summer mesosphere.…”

Section: Impact Of Ice Particles On the Neutral Chemistry Of The Mesomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the impact of noctilucent cloud formation on atomic oxygen and other minor constituents of the summer mesosphere

Murray

Plane

2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The formation, evolution and eventual sublimation of noctilucent clouds (NLC) may have a significant effect on the odd oxygen and hydrogen chemistry of the high latitude summer mesosphere. Three mechanisms are considered here: the direct uptake of atomic oxygen on the surface of the ice particles; the redistribution of water vapour, which changes the photochemical source of odd hydrogen species; and the direct photolysis of the ice particles themselves to produce odd hydrogen species in the gas phase. A 1-D photochemical model is employed to investigate the potential importance of these mechanisms. This shows, using the recently measured uptake coefficients of O on ice, that the heterogeneous removal of O on the surface of the cloud particles is too slow by at least a factor of 5×10 3 to compete with gas-phase O chemistry. The second and third mechanisms involve the solar Lyman-α photolysis of H 2 O in the gas and solid phase, respectively. During twilight, Lyman-α radiation is severely attenuated and these mechanisms are insignificant. In contrast, when the upper mesosphere is fully illuminated there is a dramatic impact on the O profile, with depletion of O at the base of the cloud layer of close to an order of magnitude. A correspondingly large depletion in O 3 is also predicted, while H, OH, HO 2 and H 2 O 2 are found to be enhanced by factors of 3-5. In fact, rocket-borne mass spectrometer measurements during summer have revealed local H 2 O 2 enhancements in the region of the clouds. Rocketborne measurements of atomic O and O 3 profiles in the presence of mesospheric clouds in the daytime are highly desirable to test the predictions of this model and our understanding of the genesis of mesospheric clouds.

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Section: Impact Of Ice Particles On the Neutral Chemistry Of The Mesomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Ice Particles On the Neutral Chemistry Of The Mesomentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the impact of noctilucent cloud formation on atomic oxygen and other minor constituents of the summer mesosphere

Murray

Plane

2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The first measurements in the atmosphere on a rocket were by Narcisi and co-workers (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) (21,22). Other rocket measurements were made by Kopp and coworkers at the University of Bern (11)(12)(13)(14), Goldberg and co-workers at NASA Goddard (23)(24)(25), and Arnold and Krankowsky at the MPI-K (26)(27)(28). Previously, measurements in the stratosphere on balloon platforms were made by the group of Arijs and co-workers at the Belgium Institute of Space Technology (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38).…”

Section: If Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exception is the magnetic instrument developed by Kopp at the University of Bern (11)(12)(13)(14). The instrumentation used in rocketborne mass spectrometry has been discussed in detail by Arnold and Viggiano (1), and the present review will emphasize lower-altitude measurements and new details for the rocket instrumentation.…”

Section: If Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situmass spectrometry and ion chemistry in the stratosphere and troposphere

Viggiano

1993

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Silicon chemistry in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere

et al. 2016

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Silicon is one of the most abundant elements in cosmic dust, and meteoric ablation injects a significant amount of Si into the atmosphere above 80 km. In this study, a new model for silicon chemistry in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere is described, based on recent laboratory kinetic studies of Si, SiO, SiO2, and Si+. Electronic structure calculations and statistical rate theory are used to show that the likely fate of SiO2 is a two‐step hydration to silicic acid (Si(OH)4), which then polymerizes with metal oxides and hydroxides to form meteoric smoke particles. This chemistry is then incorporated into a whole atmosphere chemistry‐climate model. The vertical profiles of Si+ and the Si+/Fe+ ratio are shown to be in good agreement with rocket‐borne mass spectrometric measurements between 90 and 110 km. Si+ has consistently been observed to be the major meteoric ion around 110 km; this implies that the relative injection rate of Si from meteoric ablation, compared to metals such as Fe and Mg, is significantly larger than expected based on their relative chondritic abundances. Finally, the global abundances of SiO and Si(OH)4 show clear evidence of the seasonal meteoric input function, which is much less pronounced in the case of other meteoric species.

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Positive ion composition of the high‐latitude summer D region with noctilucent clouds

Cited by 86 publications

References 39 publications

Modelling the impact of noctilucent cloud formation on atomic oxygen and other minor constituents of the summer mesosphere

Modelling the impact of noctilucent cloud formation on atomic oxygen and other minor constituents of the summer mesosphere

In situmass spectrometry and ion chemistry in the stratosphere and troposphere

Silicon chemistry in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere

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