Positive changes in depression, anxiety, and assertion following individual and group cognitive behavior therapy intervention

Shaffer, Carolyn S.; Shapiro, Joan Rankin; Sank, Lawrence I.; Coghlan, Donna J.

doi:10.1007/bf01172523

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Since combination treatment was more effective during the 6 months following treatment than during the intervention, decreases in depression and psychological anxiety may help subjects to benefit from social interactions. Despite more rapid treatment gains initially by those treated individually, all treatment settings were equally effective in reducing depression and psychological anxiety in the longer term, replicating studies for general depression [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

A Comparative Evaluation of Community Treatments for Post-Partum Depression: Implications for Treatment and Management Practices

Highet

Drummond

2004

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

A Comparative Evaluation of Community Treatments for Post-Partum Depression: Implications for Treatment and Management Practices

Highet

Drummond

2004

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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“…There is evidence to support that CBT is equally effective compared to pharmacotherapy in alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms (e.g., Elkin et al, 1989;Hollon et al, 1992) and more effective than medication in preventing relapse (e.g., Evans et al, 1992;Shea et al, 1992). Furthermore, group CBT is reported to be as successful as individual CBT (Shaffer, Shapiro, Sank, & Coghlan, 1981) and possibly more suitable for older adults who may be socially isolated (Thompson et al, 2000). There is also support for the use of psychotherapy, and specifically CBT, to address psychological symptoms in other chronic medical conditions such as chronic pain and cancer (e.g., Grant & Haverkamp, 1995;White, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Treatment of depression and anxiety in Parkinson's Disease: A pilot study using group cognitive behavioural therapy

Feeney

Gasson

2005

Clinical Psychologist

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Depression and anxiety affect up to 50% of people with Parkinson's Disease (PD) (Marsh, 2000; Murray, 1996), however, few studies have examined the effectiveness of psychological treatment. This study examined the effectiveness of group cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in treating depression and anxiety in PD. Four participants, aged between 56 and 81 years, who had been diagnosed with PD and suffering from depression and/or anxiety were included in the study. The results suggested that CBT was effective in treating depression and anxiety in PD. Furthermore, the results supported that the gains were maintained at 1‐month follow‐up.

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“…Four papers compared the success of treating depression with GCT or ICT 7,9 , 13,14 . Within the group and individual cognitive therapy regimes, the actual treatment focus varied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, Shaffer et al. described cognitive behavioural therapy as consisting of three modules: (i) progressive relaxation; (ii) cognitive restructuring; and (iii) assertion training 14 . These modules were used in both the group and individual treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy using individual or group therapy in the treatment of depression

2004

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Executive summary Objectives The objective of this review was to present the best available information on the use of cognitive behaviour therapy using either group cognitive therapy (GCT) or individual cognitive therapy (ICT) in the treatment of depression. The primary question to be addressed in this review was: For the treatment of long‐term depression, using a cognitive behavioural approach, is group therapy or individual therapy the most effective? Inclusion criteria Studies that included adolescents or adults with long‐term depression and a measured Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) value of ≥12 or Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) of ≥14 were included. Interventions of interest were forms of cognitive behaviour therapy utilising either an individual or group approach. For the purpose of this review individual therapy was regarded as a one‐to‐one interaction between the patient and the therapist. Group therapy excluded family therapy. This review excluded studies that involved pharmacotherapy alone as the only intervention and studies that involved combined group and individual treatment. Outcome measures of interest were reduction in depression inventory scores, specifically the BDI and/or the HRSD. This study considered any randomised or pseudo‐randomised controlled trials that addressed the use or comparison of GCT or ICT. Results Individual and group cognitive behavioural therapies for moderately or severely depressed adults (BDI ≥ 14) were comparable with each other in effectiveness and both were superior to providing no treatment at all. Individual cognitive therapy was equal to or better than tricyclic antidepressant drugs given at recommended therapeutic dosages for depressed people with a mean BDI of 30. This information was based on level II evidence. Recommendations The following recommendations were made for adults: Either GCT or ICT can be used to treat moderate to severe depression. The choice of therapy should be dependent upon the clinician's perceived receptiveness of the particular patient to group or individual treatment. The use of computer‐assisted therapy is a useful adjunct to GCT in moderate to severely depressed patients. ICT can effectively replace pharmacotherapy in moderate to severely depressed patients if the patient is opposed to being treated with drug therapy. GCT has not been compared to pharmacotherapy so no direct recommendation can be given as to its effectiveness as a replacement therapy. The following recommendations were made for adolescents: Either GCT or ICT can be used to treat moderately depressed adolescents (BDI ≥ 14). More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of GCT or ICT in severely depressed adolescents (BDI ≥ 20).

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Positive changes in depression, anxiety, and assertion following individual and group cognitive behavior therapy intervention

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

A Comparative Evaluation of Community Treatments for Post-Partum Depression: Implications for Treatment and Management Practices

A Comparative Evaluation of Community Treatments for Post-Partum Depression: Implications for Treatment and Management Practices

Treatment of depression and anxiety in Parkinson's Disease: A pilot study using group cognitive behavioural therapy

Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy using individual or group therapy in the treatment of depression

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