Positive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Attentional Performance Correlates

Walker, Elaine F.; Harvey, Philip D.

doi:10.1159/000284452

Cited by 50 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Several authors have reported that individuals with schizophrenia have reduced pupillary responses (Granholm et al, 2000(Granholm et al, , 1997Steinhauer and Hakerem, 1992;Steinhauer and Zubin, 1982). This finding is consistent with the 'resource limitations hypothesis', which suggests that schizophrenia patients have a general diminishment in their 'pool' of available attentional resources when processing higher cognitive-load tasks (Granholm et al, 1996a(Granholm et al, ,b, 1997Nuechterlein and Dawson, 1984;Nuechterlein et al, 1986;Walker and Harvey, 1986). Granholm and colleagues (2000) recorded pupillary responses during a task that required attention to a large array of information (high processing load) vs. a low processing load task.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Pupillary dilation to simple vs. complex tasks and its relationship to thought disturbance in schizophrenia patients

Minassian¹,

Granholm²,

Verney³

et al. 2004

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Pupillary dilation to simple vs. complex tasks and its relationship to thought disturbance in schizophrenia patients

Minassian¹,

Granholm²,

Verney³

et al. 2004

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…In contrast, negative symptoms were uniquely and inversely related to the ability to process information under conditions of information overload. Walker and Harvey reported similar results (14).…”

Section: Objective: Previous Studies Of Attention/information Processmentioning

confidence: 56%

Attentional impairments in deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia

Boyer¹,

Strauss

Breier

et al. 1997

AJP

138

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Objective: Previous studies of attention/information processing impairments in schizophre-P atients with schizophrenia exhibit impaired ability to select and shift attention and to process information under conditions of information overload (1-4). It has been hypothesized that these attention/information processing impairments represent both vulnerability markers for the development of schizophrenia and a direct expression of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (3-5). However, despite the central role that the study of these impairments may play in our understanding of schizophrenia, there is relatively little known about the relationship of attention/information processing impairments to the three specific symptom complexes observed in schizophrenia, i.e., hallucinations and delusions, positive formal thought disorder, and deficit/negative symptoms (6, 7).Previous studies have suggested that there may be unique relationships between positive and negative symptoms and specific attention/information processing impairments (8, 9). Green and Walker reported that negative symptoms, but not positive symptoms, were associated with greater susceptibility to backward masking (10, 11). Negative symptoms also predicted the length of the critical interstimulus interval, a measure of threshold sensitivity, required for detection of the target stimulus (10, 11). They suggested that negative symptoms are associated with an impairment in perceptual organization, resulting in a decreased ability to process visual information. Braff also reported that patients with negative symptoms performed more poorly on the backward masking task and that negative symptoms were associated with prolonged critical interstimulus intervals (12). Cornblatt et al. (13) assessed the relationship between positive and negative symptoms and measures of distractibility and ability to process auditory information under conditions of informa-

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“…This finding testifies to the need of CPT versions with a high momentary processing load [19] to circumvent a ceiling effect and achieve meaningful results. Fur thermore it fits into a theoretical framework which regards a limited attentional capacity as the underlying substrate of many cognitive impairments in schizophrenia [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive/Negative Symptomatology and Experimental Measures of Attention in Schizophrenic Patients

Hain¹,

Maier²,

Klingler³

et al. 1993

Psychopathology

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In a search for an external validation of the negative syndrome construct and the attentional impairment item on Andreasen’s scale, 49 unmedicated schizophrenic patients were administered the Span of Apprehension Test and a Continuous Performance Test with two levels of difficulty. This schizophrenic sample performed significantly more poorly on the attentional tests than a comparable group of 27 healthy control subjects. Depending on the difficulty of the test we found a number of significant correlations between the SANS composite score and the pertaining attentional impairment item on the one hand and experimental indices of attentional functioning on the other hand, which might corroborate the psychopathological assumptions. The implications of these results for further attempts to validate clinical concepts of the positive/negative dichotomy by experimental means will be discussed.

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Positive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Attentional Performance Correlates

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

Pupillary dilation to simple vs. complex tasks and its relationship to thought disturbance in schizophrenia patients

Pupillary dilation to simple vs. complex tasks and its relationship to thought disturbance in schizophrenia patients

Attentional impairments in deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia

Positive/Negative Symptomatology and Experimental Measures of Attention in Schizophrenic Patients

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