Positive and negative contact and attitudes towards the religious out-group: Testing the contact hypothesis in conflict and non-conflict regions of Indonesia and the Philippines

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between interreligious contact and negative attitudes towards the religious out-group. It uses unique survey data collected by the authors among Christian and Muslim students in Maluku and Yogyakarta (Indonesia) and Mindanao and Metro Manila (the Philippines). Even after taking self-selection effects into account, interreligious friendships reduce negative attitudes towards the religious out-group. However, casual interreligious contact increases negative out-group attitudes. Also individuals who experienced interreligious violence have more negative out-group attitudes than those without such experience. The experience of interreligious violence has no influence on the effect of interreligious friendships but it further deteriorates the relationship between casual interreligious contact and out-group attitudes. Perceived group threat is an important mechanism explaining the effects of both positive and negative interreligious contact. [125].

The role of religious beliefs and collective narcissism in interreligious contact on university students

“…Some scholars suggest the importance of contact and dialogues between different groups of religion and faith to build trust and tolerance ( Jonathan et al., 2016 ) and to lower prejudice and suspicion among religious adherents ( Arifianto, 2009 ). Kanas et al. (2017) emphasize the significance of interreligious friendship in lowering negative attitudes towards outgroups.…”

“…(2017) emphasize the significance of interreligious friendship in lowering negative attitudes towards outgroups. Also, interreligious friendship should be genuine, indicated by voluntary and egalitarian contact instead of merely artificial and casual contact ( Kanas et al., 2015 ; Kanas et al., 2017 ). Arifianto (2009) further recommends interfaith religious services, in which believers of various religions are invited to join and participate in some events.…”

Demobilising by legitimising: Masculine honour, positive and negative contact, and social activism against criminal organisations

“…Realistic threat refers to the perception that an outgroup undermines the ingroup’s economic or political power and well-being. Previous research indicates that both positive and negative experiences of contact are associated with such forms of threat (Aberson, 2015; Kanas, Scheepers, & Sterkens, 2017; Mähönen & Jasinskaja-Lahti, 2016). Additionally, a recent meta-analysis demonstrates that intergroup threat is a consistent mediator of the relationships between both positive and negative contact and subsequent outgroup evaluations (Aberson, 2019).…”

‘No, I Don’t Like the Basque Language.’ Considering the Role of Cultural Capital within Boundary-Work in Basque Education

“…Such differentiation can also be conceptualized as the consequence of stereotyping and discrimination between distinct ethnic groups in a wider power-relations framework. Intergroup Contact Theory addresses these and proposes that contact improves relationships and reduces prejudice and conflict among different collectives (Bastian et al 2012;Cech 2017;Janmaat 2015;Kanas et al 2017;Pettigrew 2008;Pettigrew et al 2011;Tredoux et al 2017). In this work, I will only address multiethnic academic relationship, according to the objectives presented above.…”