Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders.

Watson, David; Clark, Lee Anna; Carey, Greg

doi:10.1037//0021-843x.97.3.346

Cited by 528 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For our second example, the monitored person may fall into a depression. Among others, this change will be reflected in an increase of negative affect ( Clark & Watson, 1991 ; Watson et al, 1988 ). To summarize, exceeding the control limits indicates that it is likely that the data generating process has changed.…”

Section: Statistical Process Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Procedure for Detecting Changes in Intensive Longitudinal Data in Psychological Research in Real-Time: A Tutorial Showcasing Potential Applications

2022

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Affect, behavior, and severity of psychopathological symptoms do not remain static throughout the life of an individual, but rather they change over time. Since the rise of the smartphone, longitudinal data can be obtained at higher frequencies than ever before, providing new opportunities for investigating these person-specific changes in real-time. Since 2019, researchers have started using the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) procedure, as a statistically sound method to reach this goal. Real-time, person-specific change detection could allow (a) researchers to adapt assessment intensity and strategy when a change occurs to obtain the most useful data at the most useful time and (b) clinicians to provide care to patients during periods in which this is most needed. The current paper provides a tutorial on how to use the EWMA procedure in psychology, as well as demonstrates its added value in a range of potential applications.

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Section: Statistical Process Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Procedure for Detecting Changes in Intensive Longitudinal Data in Psychological Research in Real-Time: A Tutorial Showcasing Potential Applications

2022

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“…The first part of the study questionnaire consisted of consent or non-participation in the research that had to be answered before completing the questionnaire. The following sections included sections on demographic and anthropometric data and six validated measurement instruments: Two-Factor Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-2F) [ 12 ], Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) [ 13 ], Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) [ 14 ], Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) [ 15 ], the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) [ 16 ], and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) [ 17 ]. Permissions for use were obtained from the developers of all scales.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Internalized Weight-Related Stigma: Progression to Dietary Addiction and the Role of Stress

Papatsaraki,

Pappa,

Koreli

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Introduction: Internalizing weight stigma can lead to the development of dietary addiction, as individuals seek food as a coping mechanism for the emotional distress caused by stigma. The influence of stress exacerbates this dynamic, encouraging the reliance on food as a stress-coping strategy. Methods: Electronic questionnaires were completed in a special electronic form through an online platform. The Two-Factor Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-2F), the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Life Orientation Test (LOT), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were used at this study to examine the prevalence of Internal Weight Stigma (IWS) among adults in Greece, evaluate the degrees of stress/anxiety, food addiction, mental resilience, emotions, and positive life perspectives within this group, and explore the correlations between stress/anxiety, mental resilience, optimistic life attitudes, and both IWS and food addiction. Results: 376 participants completed the questionnaire. The average BMI of the participants was 26.3 kg/m2 (SD = 5.9 kg/m2). Almost half of the participants (46.8%) fell within the normal weight range (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9), while 28.2% were classified as overweight and 21.0% as obese. Interestingly, a significant majority (63.1%) perceived themselves as heavier than the normal weight range suggests. Most participants demonstrated typical levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, with percentages of 67.3%, 64.9%, and 71.3%, respectively. Resilience exhibited positive associations with optimism and positive emotions while displaying negative connections with depression, anxiety, stress, and negative emotions. Additionally, individuals with greater optimism reported fewer symptoms of despair, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion: The research highlights the intricate dimensions of mental well-being, emphasizing the need for a holistic comprehension encompassing demographic, psychological, and societal factors. The results indicate potential strategies for intervention to boost resilience, and optimism, and tackle issues such as food addiction, underscoring the significance of fostering a positive body image and self-esteem.

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“…Dispositional Affect. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al, 1988 ) measured dispositional negative and positive affect prior to the test meal. The PANAS consists of 20 words that describe different emotions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the role of urgency in predicting binge size in bulimia nervosa

Davis

Smith

2023

Front. Psychol.

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Greater binge size within bulimia nervosa is associated with elevated distress and impairment. Theoretical models posit that emotion dysregulation predicts binge eating, but little research has investigated the potential for dispositional traits that reflect difficulty in emotion regulation to predict binge size among women with bulimia nervosa. Research supports that negative urgency, the tendency to act rashly when feeling distressed, is associated with binge eating behavior among individuals with bulimia nervosa. Relatively fewer studies have explored associations between binge eating and positive urgency, the tendency to act rashly when feeling extreme positive affect. The urgency traits may predict greater binge size within bulimia nervosa. The current study sought to examine negative urgency and positive urgency as predictors of test meal intake in a sample of 50 women, n = 21 with bulimia nervosa and n = 29 healthy controls. Dispositional levels of positive urgency, negative urgency, positive affect, and negative affect were measured prior to a laboratory binge eating paradigm. Participants in the bulimia nervosa group scored higher on negative urgency, positive urgency, and negative affect than participants in the control group. Across participants, lower levels of negative affect were associated with greater test meal intake. Elevated levels of positive urgency predicted significantly greater test meal intake, but only for participants with bulimia nervosa. No other dispositional traits predicted test meal intake when the interaction of positive urgency and group was included in the model. Findings suggest positive urgency is an underappreciated, but potentially important, risk factor for greater binge size in bulimia nervosa.

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Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders.

Cited by 528 publications

References 38 publications

The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Procedure for Detecting Changes in Intensive Longitudinal Data in Psychological Research in Real-Time: A Tutorial Showcasing Potential Applications

The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Procedure for Detecting Changes in Intensive Longitudinal Data in Psychological Research in Real-Time: A Tutorial Showcasing Potential Applications

Investigation of Internalized Weight-Related Stigma: Progression to Dietary Addiction and the Role of Stress

Examining the role of urgency in predicting binge size in bulimia nervosa

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