Position of the American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance

Rodriguez, Nancy R.; DiMarco, Nancy M.; Langley, Susie; Performance, Athletic

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2009.01.005

Cited by 493 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Indeed, gymnasts from our study presented low BF, which was below the minimum recommended level of 12% compatible with health for female athletes, as recently published (Rodriguez et al, 2009;Silva & Paiva, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) from the Food and Nutrition Board/Institute of Medicine (FNB/IM), considering the values of the estimated average requirement, was applied for the micronutrients. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) was calculated using the Cunningham equation, as suggested by the ACSM (Rodriguez et al, 2009). Energy availability (EA) was estimated (Silva & Paiva, 2014); low energy availability (LEA) was defined as EA <45 kcal/kg FFM/day; and a threshold below 30 kcal/kg FFM/day was also investigated, since it is considered the lowest energy threshold of EA for women (Rodriguez et al, 2009).…”

Section: Energy and Nutrients Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basal metabolic rate (BMR) was calculated using the Cunningham equation, as suggested by the ACSM (Rodriguez et al, 2009). Energy availability (EA) was estimated (Silva & Paiva, 2014); low energy availability (LEA) was defined as EA <45 kcal/kg FFM/day; and a threshold below 30 kcal/kg FFM/day was also investigated, since it is considered the lowest energy threshold of EA for women (Rodriguez et al, 2009). Exercise energy expenditure (EEE) was calculated using the 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities (Ainsworth et al, 2011).…”

Section: Energy and Nutrients Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poor precompetitive sleep habits, nutrients’ deficiencies, inappropriate body composition and athletic performance in elite gymnasts

Silva

Paiva²

2015

European Journal of Sport Science

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This study aimed to evaluate body composition, sleep, precompetitive anxiety and dietary intake on the elite female gymnasts' performance prior to an international competition. Sixty-seven rhythmic gymnasts of high performance level were evaluated in relation to sport and training practice, body composition, sleep duration, daytime sleepiness by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), precompetitive anxiety by the Sport Competition Anxiety Test form A (SCAT-A) and detailed dietary intake just before an international competition. Most gymnasts (67.2%) suffered from mild daytime sleepiness, 77.6% presented poor sleep quality and 19.4% presented high levels of precompetitive anxiety. The majority of gymnasts reported low energy availability (EA) and low intakes of important vitamins including folate, vitamins D, E and K; and minerals, including calcium, iron, boron and magnesium (p < .05). Gymnasts' performance was positively correlated with age (p = .001), sport practice (p = .024), number of daily training hours (p = .000), number of hours of training/week (p = .000), waist circumference (WC) (p = .008) and sleep duration (p = .005). However, it was negatively correlated with WC/hip circumference (p = .000), ESS (p = .000), PSQI (p = .042), SCAT-A (p = .002), protein g/kg (p = .028), EA (p = .002) and exercise energy expenditure (p = .000). High performance gymnasts presented poor sleep habits with consequences upon daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and low energy availability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Section: Energy and Nutrients Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy and Nutrients Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poor precompetitive sleep habits, nutrients’ deficiencies, inappropriate body composition and athletic performance in elite gymnasts

Silva

Paiva²

2015

European Journal of Sport Science

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“…Although minimal, examinations of nutrition quality among college-aged athletes consistently report most do not meet the dietary guidelines recommended for adult athletes [16] [17]. Furthermore, college athletes appear to be at higher risk for excessive alcohol consumption compared to nonathlete populations [18] [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and Measuring Multilevel Influences on College-Aged Athletes’ Multiple Health Behavior: A Pilot Study

Geller¹,

Herbert²

2014

Health

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The current study gathered preliminary data relative to the influences on intercollegiate athletes' multiple health behavior. A secondary objective was to inform future measurement of identified factors. A sample of 20 intercollegiate athletes participated in an open-ended survey, followed by a corresponding focus groups (≈90-minute). Qualitative data were gathered relative to the factors impacting athletes' excessive alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC), and maintenance of physical activity after college. In general, participating athletes reported influences within their social and physical environments (friends, bar accessibility, etc.) as the leading enablers of their excessive alcohol intake, while individual level influences were the most salient reasons not to drink excessively (responsibilities, health, etc.). Individual characteristics (taste preference, health, and expense) and the physical environment (availability and accessibility) were reported as the most salient levels of influence on athletes' FVC. And when anticipating future maintenance of physical activity, athletes mostly reported individual level influences (outcome expectation, intrinsic motivation, etc.), with mention of family and friend influences. An in-depth comparison of current outcomes to similar research among young adult and athlete populations is provided, including validated measurement scales and future research suggestions. Current results provide an essential foundation for progressive research examinations among similar populations.

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“…Moreover in children, meal frequency has been associated to benefits for memory [2,3] and performance [4,5], and it has been proposed that, in specific physiological conditions, e.g. athlete and elderly, snack consumption can improve nutritional adequacy of the total diet [6,7] and help avoid to strain the gastrointestinal system [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular Consumption of a Balanced Salmon-Based Salty Snack Does Not Affect Energy Intake, Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Healthy Volunteers

Marangoni¹,

Dionigi²,

Magni³

et al. 2013

FNS

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An inverse relationship between meal frequency and body weight has been observed in several studies: however, little information is available on the effects of a snack consumption on energy and nutrient intakes in adults. In this study, 19 healthy volunteers consumed daily for 3 weeks, in a cross-over design, one of two isocaloric snacks (bread with salmon spread or bread with salami). Diet composition, anthropometrics, blood pressure, lipid and fatty acid profiles, fasting plasma glucose levels and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assessed at the beginning of the study and before and after each dietary period. The inclusion of a mid afternoon snack in the standard meal pattern (breakfast, lunch, dinner) was associated with a significant reduction in energy intake at dinner (the reduction being larger after the snack prepared with the salmon spread); the total daily caloric intake, however, was not changed by the snack consumption, since the snack caloric intake was fully compensated by the lower dinner energy intake. No significant change has been observed in any of the measured biochemical or anthropometric parameters, even if a trend toward a plasma hs-CRP reduction and toward a more favourable HUFA index was observed after the salmon spread snack consumption. These observations indicate that the regular consumption of a balanced mid afternoon snack has no adverse effects on energy intake and biochemical parameters of healthy adults with a moderately active lifestyle; the snack consumption results, however, in different distributions of the energy intake among meals. The snack composition (salmon or salami) may further influence these effects.

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Position of the American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance

Cited by 493 publications

References 94 publications

Poor precompetitive sleep habits, nutrients’ deficiencies, inappropriate body composition and athletic performance in elite gymnasts

Poor precompetitive sleep habits, nutrients’ deficiencies, inappropriate body composition and athletic performance in elite gymnasts

Identifying and Measuring Multilevel Influences on College-Aged Athletes’ Multiple Health Behavior: A Pilot Study

Regular Consumption of a Balanced Salmon-Based Salty Snack Does Not Affect Energy Intake, Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Healthy Volunteers

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