Position-Effect Variegation, Heterochromatin Formation, and Gene Silencing in Drosophila

Elgin, Sarah C. R.; Reuter, Günter

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a017780

Cited by 448 publications

(510 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(158 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

470

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The failure to silence NOR2-derived rRNA genes upon their relocation to NOR4 provides direct support for the hypothesis that selective rRNA gene silencing results from selective NOR inactivation, not silencing of individual rRNA genes based on their sequences. Because NORs span millions of base pairs of chromosomal DNA, their regulation suggests parallels to other large, selectively silenced domains, such as the silent mating type loci of yeast or the inactivated X chromosomes of somatic cells of female mammals (32)(33)(34). Genes translocated into these regions are typically repressed, a phenomenon known as position effect variegation (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because NORs span millions of base pairs of chromosomal DNA, their regulation suggests parallels to other large, selectively silenced domains, such as the silent mating type loci of yeast or the inactivated X chromosomes of somatic cells of female mammals (32)(33)(34). Genes translocated into these regions are typically repressed, a phenomenon known as position effect variegation (33). Genes placed near telomeres can also display position effect variegation in yeast (35), which has suggested the possibility that NOR2 silencing is initiated via its associated telomere, TEL2N.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Selective nucleolus organizer inactivation in Arabidopsis is a chromosome position-effect phenomenon

Mohannath

Pontvianne

Pikaard

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal loci where hundreds of rRNA genes are clustered. Despite being nearly identical in sequence, specific rRNA genes are selected for silencing during development via choice mechanism(s) that remain unclear. In Arabidopsis thaliana, rRNA gene subtypes that are silenced during development were recently mapped to the NOR on chromosome 2, NOR2, whereas active rRNA genes map to NOR4, on chromosome 4. In a mutant line deficient for ATXR5 or ATXR6-dependent histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) monomethylation, we show that millions of base pairs of chromosome 4, including the telomere, TEL4N, and much of NOR4, have been converted to the corresponding sequences of chromosome 2. This genomic change places rRNA genes of NOR2, which are normally silenced, at the position on chromosome 4 where active rRNA genes are normally located. At their new location, NOR2-derived rRNA genes escape silencing, independent of the atxr mutations, indicating that selective rRNA gene silencing is chromosome 2-specific. The chromosome 2 position effect is not explained by the NOR2-associated telomere, TEL2N, which remains linked to the translocated NOR, implicating centromere-proximal sequences in silencing.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective nucleolus organizer inactivation in Arabidopsis is a chromosome position-effect phenomenon

Mohannath

Pontvianne

Pikaard

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As expected, Tis11 mRNA was not detected in the null flies. However, as predicted from the position-effect variegation concept (52), several genes close to Tis11 exhibited decreased expression in the null flies compared with controls; further away from the Tis11 locus, expression levels in the null flies returned to normal (Fig. 5D).…”

Section: Loss Of Function Experiments In Adult Male Flies-tis11 Is Onmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Drosophila Tis11 Protein and Its Effects on mRNA Expression in Flies

Choi¹,

Lai²,

Fedic³

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Insects generally express a single tristetraprolin family member, zinc finger proteins that promote mRNA decay. Results: The Drosophila protein, Tis11, can promote mRNA decay in cells, and its deficiency in flies results in accumulation of certain mRNAs. Conclusion: Tis11 deficiency in Drosophila results in increases of potential target transcripts. Significance: Tis11 can affect post-transcriptional gene expression in adult flies by regulating mRNA decay.

show abstract

“…Toward this end, probing the accessibility of sequences in intact nuclei with small, nonspecific deoxyribonucleases (DNases), such as DNase I, has been extremely successful (Elgin 1981;Becker and Horz 2002;Elgin and Reuter 2013). In these experiments, intact nuclei are treated mildly with nucleases that digest any DNA they can access within the time of the experiment.…”

Section: The Discovery Of Nucleosome Remodeling: a Historical Perspecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleosome Remodeling and Epigenetics

Becker

Workman

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

268

203

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Position-Effect Variegation, Heterochromatin Formation, and Gene Silencing in Drosophila

Cited by 448 publications

References 135 publications

Selective nucleolus organizer inactivation in Arabidopsis is a chromosome position-effect phenomenon

Selective nucleolus organizer inactivation in Arabidopsis is a chromosome position-effect phenomenon

The Drosophila Tis11 Protein and Its Effects on mRNA Expression in Flies

Nucleosome Remodeling and Epigenetics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About