Portraits of Viruses: Arenaviruses

Lehmann-Grube, F

doi:10.1159/000149543

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Numerous New World viruses have been described, including Junin (the agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever), Machupo (the agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever), and Guanarito (the agent of Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever). 7,15 Rodents, the primary reservoirs of the arenaviruses (the house mouse, Mus musculus, for LCM virus), harbor chronic infections and excrete the viruses for life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,21 Given the predominant location of the CNS lesions in LCM virus-infected infants, 13 the virus seems to enter the CNS via the choroid plexus and replicate in cells of the ependyma and periventricular germinal matrix zones. In contrast to CMV, however, LCM virus replication more commonly produces a necrotizing ependymitis that leads to aqueductal obstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 The virus occasionally causes congenital infections, although the incidence of congenital LCM virus infection among infants born in the United States has not been established. Clinical knowledge regarding congenital LCM virus infection relies largely on the publications of Ackermann et al 9 and Sheinbergas 10 from Europe and occasional case reports from the United States.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Syndrome: A Disease That Mimics Congenital Toxoplasmosis or Cytomegalovirus Infection

Wright¹,

Johnson²,

Neumann³

et al. 1997

PEDIATRICS

157

123

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Results. Twenty-six infants with serologically confirmed congenital LCM virus infection were identified. Twenty-two infants were products of term gestations, and birth weights ranged from 2384 to 4400 g (median, 3520 g). Ocular abnormalities, macrocephaly, or microcephaly were the most commonly identified neonatal features. Twentyone infants (88%) had chorioretinopathy, 10 (43%) had macrocephaly (head circumference >90th percentile) at birth, and 3 (13%) were microcephalic (head circumference <10th percentile). Macrocephaly and hydrocephalus developed postnatally in one of the latter infants. Hydrocephalus or intracranial calcifications were documented in five infants by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Nine infants (35%) died, and 10 (63%) of the 16 reported survivors had severe neurologic sequelae, consisting of spastic quadriparesis, seizures, visual loss, or mental retardation. One-half of the mothers reported illnesses compatible with LCM virus infection, and 25% reported exposures to rodents during their pregnancies.Conclusions. These cases suggest that congenital LCM virus infection could be an underrecognized cause of congenital infection among infants born in the United States. Because of the clinical similarities of these congenital infections, cases of congenital LCM virus infection can be confused with infections with cytomegalovirus or Toxoplasma gondii. Pediatrics 1997;100(1). URL: http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/100/1/e9; congenital infection, arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Syndrome: A Disease That Mimics Congenital Toxoplasmosis or Cytomegalovirus Infection

Wright¹,

Johnson²,

Neumann³

et al. 1997

PEDIATRICS

157

123

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“…Nevertheless, no effector cells were induced by this regimen. Interestingly, LCMV induced more pronounced expression of CD25, most likely because of Ag persistence due to viral replication, peaking between days 3 and 5 after infection (26,27).…”

Section: Up-regulation Of Activation Markers Despite the Absence Of Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immunity Together with Duration of Antigen Persistence Regulate Effector T Cell Induction

Storni¹,

Ruedl²,

Renner³

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

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Proliferation of T cells is important for the expansion of specific T cell clones during immune responses. In addition, for the establishment of protective immunity against viruses, bacteria, and tumors, the expanded T cells must differentiate into effector T cells. Here we show that effector T cell generation is driven by activation of APCs and duration of antigenic stimulation. Adoptively transferred TCR-transgenic T cells extensively proliferated upon immunization. However, these T cells failed to differentiate into effector cells and died within 1 wk after immunization unless antigenic peptides persisted for >1 day or were presented by activated APCs. The induction of protective immunity in a nontransgenic system was more stringent, since activation of APCs or prolonged Ag persistence alone was not sufficient to drive immunity. In contrast, Ag had to be presented for several days by activated APCs to trigger protective T cell responses. Thus, activation of APCs and duration of Ag presentation together regulate the induction of protective T cell responses.

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“…However, the proportion of cells that participate in the infectious process is low and infectious virus titres do not exceed certain levels. The immune system is not involved (Volkert & Hannover-Larsen, 1965;Lehmann-Grube, 1984), and in all probability the virus regulates its own replication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a virus variant produced by L cells persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

Stöcker

Peralta²,

Kratzberg³

et al. 1994

Journal of General Virology

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Continuous cultivation of murine L cells infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus strain Armstrong leads to production of L(Arm) cells, which produce a predominantly cell-associated attenuated variant, the L(Arm) virus. The relatively few infectious particles that are released have lost the ability to form plaques on L cells and to cause illness in mice even if inoculated intracerebrally. Based on equal protein MrS, antigenicity and protein kinase activity, essentially identical results were obtained for the purified Armstrong and L(Arm) viruses. There was also no difference in production and release of particles with the potential to cause homologous interference. Such particles consisted of two types, one of which was highly susceptible to u.v.-irradiation, the other was highly resistant. In the case of the L(Arm) virus interfering particles, it appears that the u.v.-irradiation-susceptible forms represented infectious virus. Purified L(Arm) virus particles contained considerable quantities of subgenomic forms of (small) S-and (large) L-RNA and their complementary counterparts, which all appeared to be replicated autonomously in an unenriched manner.

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Portraits of Viruses: Arenaviruses

Cited by 44 publications

References 44 publications

Congenital Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Syndrome: A Disease That Mimics Congenital Toxoplasmosis or Cytomegalovirus Infection

Congenital Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Syndrome: A Disease That Mimics Congenital Toxoplasmosis or Cytomegalovirus Infection

Innate Immunity Together with Duration of Antigen Persistence Regulate Effector T Cell Induction

Characterization of a virus variant produced by L cells persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

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