Portrait of Filipino healthcare workers’ discrimination experiences during the early part of the COVID-19 pandemic

Guzman, Allan B. de; Castro, Belinda V. de; VILLAFUERTE, SALVACION; Clemente-Faustino, Julie Ann; Serrano, Jennifer O.; Angcahan, Darwin Z.

doi:10.1016/j.jmir.2022.06.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Adequate pay and benefits are essential social determinants of health for Filipinx healthcare workers that can lessen psychological distress and prevent or delay chronic health issues. Lastly, evidence shows that Filipinx healthcare workers experienced discrimination while on the job during the COVID-19 pandemic ( 39 ). Filipinxs who experience more workplace discrimination have higher number of health conditions, which can lead to greater mortality ( 40 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost on the frontline, and lost in the data: COVID-19 deaths among Filipinx healthcare workers in the United States

Escobedo¹,

Morey

Sabado-Liwag

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundFilipinx Americans working in healthcare are at risk for COVID-19 death but lack consistent mortality data on healthcare worker deaths. The lack of disaggregated data for Asian subgroups proliferates anti-Asian structural racism as the needs of high-risk groups are systematically undetected to merit a proper public health response. We work around this aggregated data problem by examining how the overrepresentation of Filipinxs in healthcare contributes to COVID-19 mortality among Asian American populations.MethodsTo overcome the lack of COVID-19 mortality data among Filipinx American healthcare workers, we merged data from several sources: Kanlungan website (the only known public-facing source of systematically reported mortality data on Filipinx healthcare workers nationally and globally), National Center for Health Statistics, and 2014–2018 American Community Survey. We examined county-level associations using t-tests, scatterplots, and linear regression.FindingsA higher percentage of Filipinxs among Asian Americans was correlated with a higher percentage of COVID-19 decedents who are Asian Americans (r = 0.24, p = 0.01). The percentage of Filipinx in healthcare remained a strong predictor of COVID-19 deaths among Asian Americans even after adjusting for age, poverty, and population density (coef = 1.0, p < 0.001). For every 1% increase in Filipinx among the healthcare workforce, the percentage of Asian American COVID-19 decedents increased by 1%.InterpretationOur study shows that the overrepresentation of Filipinxs in healthcare contributes to COVID-19 mortality disparities among Asian Americans. Our findings advocate for systems change by practicing anti-racist data agendas that collect and report on Asian subgroups for effective real-time targeted approaches against health inequities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost on the frontline, and lost in the data: COVID-19 deaths among Filipinx healthcare workers in the United States

Escobedo¹,

Morey

Sabado-Liwag

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…In the Philippines, HCPs were required to stay in facilities to prevent risk of COVID-19 transmission to their family, while enduring more frequent and longer hours of working, increasing demand, medical supply shortages and harassment, bullying and abuse. 51 In Nepal, HCPs reported lack of PPE and experiences of stigma lead to increased burnout, fatigue and psychological distress. 52 In Jordan, 65.5% of HCPs in a public hospital reported exposure to workplace verbal and physical violence during the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Service disruptions, trauma and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare providers delivering immunisation and maternal and child health services in Indonesia

Randell,

Wahyono,

Dynes

et al. 2024

BMJ Glob Health

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BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in extreme strain on health systems including the health workforce, essential health services and vaccination coverage. We examined disruptions to immunisation and maternal and child health (MCH) services, concerns of personal well-being and delivery of healthcare during the pandemic as well as factors associated with self-reported trauma or burnout among healthcare providers (HCPs).MethodsIn March–April 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among HCPs in two provinces of Indonesia. HCPs involved in COVID-19 or routine immunisation and MCH services were randomly selected from district/city health office registration lists. We descriptively analysed service disruptions experienced by HCPs as well as trauma, burnout and concerns of personal well-being and delivery of healthcare during the pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify factors associated with trauma or burnout.ResultsWe recruited 604 HCPs. Mobilisation of staff from routine health services to COVID-19 response duties was a key reason for service disruptions (87.9%). Strategies such as community outreach and task shifting were implemented to overcome disruptions. Trauma or burnout during the pandemic was reported by 64.1% HCPs, with 23.5% reporting worse mental or emotional health.Factors associated with trauma or burnout included delivery of COVID-19 immunisation (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.54, 95% CI 1.08 to 5.94); and delivery of both COVID-19 immunisation and routine immunisation compared with no involvement in vaccination programmes (aOR 2.42, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.52); poor treatment in the workplace (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.51 to 3.38) and lower confidence to respond to patient queries on COVID-19 immunisation (aOR 1.51, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.22).ConclusionHCPs experienced service disruptions, trauma and burnout and implemented strategies to minimise disruptions to service delivery and improve patient experiences. Our study highlights the need to ensure that workforce resilience and strategies to protect and support HCPs are considered for pandemic planning, preparedness and management.

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“…Despite their crucial role in fighting the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by caring for patients, healthcare workers (HCWs), such as nurse-assistants, nurses, physicians, infection prevention control staff, and facility staff, are no free from stigmatization [1]. For example, HCWs in the Philippines experienced insulting gestures, physical/social loathing, social media bashing and offensive jokes [2]. In Zimbabwe, COVID-19 HCWs were avoided and shunned by their colleagues after returning to work from sick leave for COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respected but stigmatized: Healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients

Spruijt,

Cronin,

Udeorji

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) caring for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are at increased risk of being stigmatized, which compromises their individual mental well-being and the quality of care they deliver. Stigma-reduction interventions may (partly) prevent this. However, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the experiences and underlying causes of COVID-19 stigma among HCWs, which is needed to design such interventions. We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews to assess COVID-19 stigma among COVID-19 HCWs in Ireland, Nigeria, The Netherlands, Pakistan, and The Philippines. Methods We used a purposive and snowball sampling to recruit a total of 53 HCWs for online interviews (13 in Ireland; 15 in Nigeria; 6 in The Netherlands; 6 in Pakistan; and 13 in The Philippines (2021). After verbatim transcribing interviews, we used a thematic approach for data analysis. Results In all countries, stigmatization of COVID-19 HCWs is driven by fear of infection and the perception of HCWs being carriers of the disease amplified by them wearing of scrubs and personal protective equipment. There were differences between countries in the way stigma manifested in self- anticipated and experienced stigma like scolding, discrimination, avoidance, (self-) isolation, and exclusion in public, in the community, at work, and in the household. The stigma resulted in feelings of depression, loneliness, isolation, and the desire to quit one’s job. Discussion COVID-19 HCWs from all countries experienced all forms of stigmatization related to their work as a COVID-19 frontliner. This affected their mental well-being, which in turn affects job performance and quality of care, there is a high need to develop stigma reduction tools for HCWs.

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Portrait of Filipino healthcare workers’ discrimination experiences during the early part of the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Lost on the frontline, and lost in the data: COVID-19 deaths among Filipinx healthcare workers in the United States

Lost on the frontline, and lost in the data: COVID-19 deaths among Filipinx healthcare workers in the United States

Service disruptions, trauma and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare providers delivering immunisation and maternal and child health services in Indonesia

Respected but stigmatized: Healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients

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