Portable microfluidic impedance biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection

Microfluidics: a concise review of the history, principles, design, applications, and future outlook

“…Primarily, these platforms have played a crucial role in the creation of rapid and highly sensitive diagnostic assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. [32][33][34] The inherent benefits of microfluidics, including reduced sample requirements, accelerated reaction times, and portability, have paved the way for the development of point-ofcare testing devices that furnish rapid outcomes outside the conventional laboratory framework. These devices hold immense value in efficient screening, early identification, and effective control of the virus, especially in remote or resource-constrained regions.…”

“…These devices hold immense value in efficient screening, early identification, and effective control of the virus, especially in remote or resource-constrained regions. 32 Fig. 5 Schematic of a test strip.…”

Sybodies as Novel Bioreceptors toward Field-Effect Transistor-Based Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens

“…Therefore, faster, more efficient, and inexpensive assays have been introduced to the public. Rapid colloidal gold-based test kits were soon commercialized, but due to the low viral load of the virus in the early and late stages of infection, the detection rate of positive cases by rapid test kits was found to be low and therefore could only be used for primary screening. , With the increasing demand for low-cost, portable, and rapid biosensors, devices using nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal oxide nanowires, and silicon nanowires) as a semiconducting channel in a field-effect transistor (FET) format have emerged. – After silicon nanowire-based FET sensing was first described by Lieber et al in 2001, nanowire FETs have also been used for ultrasensitive and selective detection of a wide range of biochemical analytes due to their miniaturization and high sensitivity. , These have been applied to the sensing of DNA and RNA hybridization, the sensing of viruses and even the detection of individual viruses, multiplexed sensing using antibodies as receptors, saliva-based detection of human pressure levels, and detection of cellular potentials by kinked nanowires. – Special nanowire network geometries in the form of honeycomb were demonstrated by our team as an interesting case with enhanced area for interaction with the analyte . Recently, FETs have been shown to be useful for the ultrasensitive diagnostics of cases like SARS-CoV-2.…”

“…Rapid colloidal gold-based test kits were soon commercialized, but due to the low viral load of the virus in the early and late stages of infection, the detection rate of positive cases by rapid test kits was found to be low and therefore could only be used for primary screening. 6,7 With the increasing demand for low-cost, portable, and rapid biosensors, 8 devices using nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal oxide nanowires, and silicon nanowires) as a semiconducting channel in a field-effect transistor (FET) format have emerged. 9−12 After silicon nanowire-based FET sensing was first described by Lieber et al in 2001, 13 nanowire FETs have also been used for ultrasensitive and selective detection of a wide range of biochemical analytes due to their miniaturization and high sensitivity.…”