Porphyromonas loveana sp. nov., isolated from the oral cavity of Australian marsupials

Bird, P. S.; Trott, Darren J.; Mikkelsen, Deirdre; Milinovich, Gabriel; Hillman, Kristine M.; Burrell, P. C.; Blackall, Linda L.

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.000898

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, additional 16S rRNA Blast searches showed a match of 99% sequence identity to the 16S rRNA gene of Porphyromonas UQD 444, which had been isolated from marsupials in Australia (Mikkelsen et al 2008) (Appendix Table 1). This isolate recently received the name Porphyromonas loveana (Bird et al 2016). A phylogenetic tree of our Porphyromonas isolates and representative reference species based on the 16S rRNA gene comparisons is presented in Figure 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved Citrullinating Exoenzymes inPorphyromonasSpecies

et al. 2018

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Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major oral pathogens implicated in the widespread inflammatory disorder periodontitis. Moreover, in recent years, P. gingivalis has been associated with the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. The peptidylarginine deiminase enzyme of P. gingivalis (PPAD) is a major virulence factor that catalyzes the citrullination of both bacterial and host proteins, potentially contributing to production of anticitrullinated protein antibodies. Considering that these antibodies are very specific for rheumatoid arthritis, PPAD appears to be a link between P. gingivalis, periodontitis, and the autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis. PPAD was thus far considered unique among prokaryotes, with P. gingivalis being the only bacterium known to produce and secrete it. To challenge this hypothesis, we investigated the possible secretion of PPAD by 11 previously collected Porphyromonas isolates from a dog, 2 sheep, 3 cats, 4 monkeys, and a jaguar with periodontitis. Our analyses uncovered the presence of secreted PPAD homologues in 8 isolates that were identified as Porphyromonas gulae (from a dog, monkeys, and cats) and Porphyromonas loveana (from sheep). In all 3 PPAD-producing Porphyromonas species, the dominant form of the secreted PPAD was associated with outer membrane vesicles, while a minor fraction was soluble. Our results prove for the first time that the citrullinating PPAD exoenzyme is not unique to only 1 prokaryotic species. Instead, we show that PPAD is produced by at least 2 other oral pathogens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved Citrullinating Exoenzymes inPorphyromonasSpecies

et al. 2018

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“…nov. have been isolated from the oral microbiome of koalas. 1,6,7,42 Porphyromonas spp. have also been isolated more frequently in ageing koalas with periodontal disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Actinomycosis in South Australian Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

et al. 2021

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Pneumonia has been reported in both free-ranging and captive koalas and a number of causative agents have been described. Between 2016 and 2019, 16 free-ranging and 1 captive koala ( Phascolarctos cinereus) from the Mount Lofty Ranges of South Australia were identified with pyogranulomatous lobar pneumonia, which involved the left caudal lobe in 14/17 (82%) cases. Within lesions, numerous gram-positive or gram-variable, non-acid-fast filamentous bacteria were observed in association with Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. Culture yielded growth of anaerobic bacteria, which were unidentifiable by MALDI-TOF-MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry) analysis in 5/5 cases. Sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene identified a novel Actinomyces species in 4 samples, confirming a diagnosis of pulmonary actinomycosis. Concurrent examination of resin lung casts from healthy koalas suggested greater laminar flow of air to the left caudal lung lobe in koalas. Actinomyces spp. have been reported as commensals of the oral microbiome in other species, and an association with similar pulmonary lesions in other species. Considering the predilection for involvement of the left caudal lung lobe, aspiration is suggested as the likely cause in some cases of pulmonary actinomycosis in koalas. Pulmonary actinomycosis has not been previously described in koalas and further work needs to be undertaken in order to classify this organism within the Actinomyces genus.

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“…Poryphomonas gingivialis is considered to be the keystone pathogen in human PD 12 , 13 , 15 . In animals, a closely related pathogen Porphyromonas gulae , and in marsupials specifically, the recently-described Porphyromonas loveana , may act as similar keystone pathogens 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Bacteroides spp. dominate microbiota in the course of macropod progressive periodontal disease

Yip

Mohammadi‐Dehcheshmeh

McLelland

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Macropod progressive periodontal disease (MPPD) is a necrotizing, polymicrobial, inflammatory disease commonly diagnosed in captive macropods. MPPD is characterized by gingivitis associated with dental plaque formation, which progresses to periodontitis and then to osteomyelitis of the mandible or maxilla. However, the underlying microbial causes of this disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we collected 27 oral plaque samples and associated clinical records from 22 captive Macropodidae and Potoroidae individuals that were undergoing clinical examination at Adelaide and Monarto Zoos in South Australia (15 healthy, 7 gingivitis and 5 periodontitis-osteomyelitis samples). The V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced using an Illumina Miseq to explore links between MPPD and oral bacteria in these animals. Compositional differences were detected between the microbiota of periodontitis-osteomyelitis cases compared to healthy samples (p-value with Bonferroni correction < 0.01), as well as gingivitis cases compared to healthy samples (p-value with Bonferroni correction < 0.05) using Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA). An overabundance of Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides taxa was also identified in animals with MPPD compared to healthy individuals using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe; p = < 0.05). An increased abundance of Desulfomicrobium also was detected in MPPD samples (LEfSe; p < 0.05), which could potentially reflect differences in disease progression. This is the first microbiota analysis of MPPD in captive macropods, and these results support a polymicrobial pathogenesis of MPPD, suggesting that the microbial interactions underpinning MPPD may be more complex than previously documented.

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Porphyromonas loveana sp. nov., isolated from the oral cavity of Australian marsupials

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Conserved Citrullinating Exoenzymes inPorphyromonasSpecies

Conserved Citrullinating Exoenzymes inPorphyromonasSpecies

Pulmonary Actinomycosis in South Australian Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Bacteroides spp. dominate microbiota in the course of macropod progressive periodontal disease

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