Porphyrin metabolism in lymphocytes of miners exposed to diesel exhaust at oil shale mine

Muzyka, Vladimir; Scheepers, Paul T.J.; Bogovski, S.; Lang, I; Schmidt, Niklas; Ryazanov, V. A.; Veidebaum, Toomas

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00404-2

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…As the ventilation systems in the mines are weak and raw material is handled with machines using diesel fuel, mine workers had a much higher exposure to benzene than those who worked on the ground [ 7 ]. Exposure to diesel engine exhaust gases has also caused alterations of porphyrin and heme metabolism in miners’ peripheral lymphocytes [ 8 ]. This may refer to weakening immune mechanisms in people exposed to industrial air pollution components, and such chronic exposure might cause significant disorders in heme synthesis and metabolism [ 79 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health impacts related to the oil shale sector were extensively analysed in Estonia up to the early 1990s, when the environment’s condition and health indicators of the inhabitants, and their interrelations, were thoroughly studied [ 6 ]. Since then, only occupational health risks such as exposure to exhaust gases during mining, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene in the shale oil industry have been studied [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], and there have been no studies on the health effects of the oil shale industry during the last 15–20 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Residents’ Self-Reported Health Effects and Annoyance in Relation to Air Pollution Exposure in an Industrial Area in Eastern-Estonia

Orru

Idavain

Pindus

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Eastern Estonia has large oil shale mines and industrial facilities mainly focused on electricity generation from oil shale and shale oil extraction, which produce high air pollution emissions. The “Study of the health impact of the oil shale sector—SOHOS” was aimed at identifying the impacts on residents’ health and annoyance due to the industrial processing. First, a population-wide survey about health effects and annoyance was carried out. Second, the total and oil shale sectors’ emitted concentrations of benzene, phenol, and PM2.5 were modelled. Third, the differences between groups were tested and relationships between health effects and environmental pollution studied using multiple regression analysis. Compared to the control groups from non-industrial areas in Tartu or Lääne-Viru, residents of Ida-Viru more frequently (p < 0.05) reported wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, asthma attacks, a long-term cough, hypertension, heart diseases, myocardial infarction, stroke, and diabetes. All health effects except asthma were reported more frequently among non-Estonians. People living in regions with higher levels of PM2.5, had significantly higher odds (p < 0.05) of experiencing chest tightness (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02–1.26), shortness of breath (1.16, 1.03–1.31) or an asthma attack (1.22, 1.04–1.42) during the previous year. People living in regions with higher levels of benzene had higher odds of experiencing myocardial infarction (1.98, 1.11–3.53) and with higher levels of phenol chest tightness (1.44, 1.03–2.00), long-term cough (1.48, 1.06–2.07) and myocardial infarction (2.17, 1.23–3.83). The prevalence of adverse health effects was also higher among those who had been working in the oil shale sector. Next to direct health effects, up to a quarter of the residents of Ida-Viru County were highly annoyed about air pollution. Perceived health risk from air pollution increased the odds of being annoyed. Annoyed people in Ida-Viru had significantly higher odds of experiencing respiratory symptoms during the last 12 months, e.g., wheezing (2.30, 1.31–4.04), chest tightness (2.88, 1.91–4.33 or attack of coughing (1.99, 1.34–2.95).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residents’ Self-Reported Health Effects and Annoyance in Relation to Air Pollution Exposure in an Industrial Area in Eastern-Estonia

Orru

Idavain

Pindus

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Therefore, some of the lung cancer incidence could be attributable to smoking habits, as a large number of males is exposed to direct or indirect contact with tobacco smoke daily in Ida-Viru County in the oil shale industrial areas [68]. The significant effect of smoking was also shown in earlier biomonitoring studies [67,69] in which the level of DNA damage in underground workers was significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Silverman et al [63] have also shown a combined effect as the cumulative exposure to tobacco smoke and diesel exhaust among males working in industries is increased threefold from that of non-smoking workers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Cancer Incidence Trends in the Oil Shale Industrial Region in Estonia

Idavain

Lang

Tomasova

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Large oil shale resources are found in Eastern Estonia, where the mineral resource is mined, excavated, and used for electricity generation and shale oil extraction. During industrial activities in the last 100 years, pollutants have been emitted in large amounts, some of which are toxic and carcinogenic. The current study aims to analyse time trends in cancer incidence in the oil shale industry-affected areas and compare them with overall cancer incidence rates and trends in Estonia. We analysed Estonian Cancer Registry data on selected cancer sites that have been previously indicated to have relationships with industrial activities like oil shale extraction. We included lung cancer, kidney cancer, urinary bladder cancer, leukaemia, breast cancer, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. A statistically significantly higher lung cancer age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was found during the study period (1992—2015) only in males in the oil shale areas as compared to males in Estonia overall: 133.6 and 95.5 per 100,000, respectively. However, there appeared to be a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the lung cancer ASIR in males in the oil shale areas (overall decrease 28.9%), whereas at the same time, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in non-oil shale areas (13.3%) and in Estonia overall (1.5%). Other cancer sites did not show higher ASIRs in the oil shale industrial areas compared to other areas in Estonia. Possible explanations could be improved environmental quality, socio-economic factors, and other morbidities.

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“…At the same time ferrochelatase activity was decreased compared to unexposed controls. In an investigation carried out at a coal mine and at an oil-shale mine, Muzyka et al (2003Muzyka et al ( , 2004 reported that the values of PP and PP/DNA in lymphocytes appeared to be significantly increased only in miners in the oil-shale mine. There was no difference in the levels of PP and PP/DNA and ferrochelatase activity between surface workers and miners at the coal mine.…”

Section: Biomarker Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diesel exhaust particles on allergic reactions and airway responsiveness in ovalbumin-sensitized brown Norway rats

Dong¹

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Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are the major constituent of ambient particulate matter in urban environments and occupational settings. Exposure to DEP in combination with an allergen has been demonstrated to enhance allergen-related airway inflammation, immunoglobulin (Ig) E production, and airway responsiveness (AR) in human and in animal models. However, the mechanisms behind these effects of DEP are not yet fully understood. In this study, we compared the effects of short-term DEP exposure on ovalbumin (OVA)-mediated airway responses under two exposure protocols using an OVA-allergic rat model. Male Brown Norway rats were sensitized to aerosolized OVA (40.5 ± 6.3 mg/m 3) on days 1, 8, and 15, and challenged with OVA on day 29. The rats were exposed to DEP (20 mg/m 3) for 4 h/day for 5 consecutive days either before sensitization (protocol A) or before OVA challenge on days 24-28 (protocol B). Control animals received filtered air and aerosolized saline instead of DEP and OVA, respectively. The results showed that DEP exposure 1) elicited an adjuvant effect on OVA-specific IgE and IgG production in serum under both protocols; 2) significantly reduced OVA-induced airway inflammation and lung injury in protocol A, but increased these markers in protocol B; 3) markedly lowered OVA-induced production of nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-12 by alveolar macrophages (AM) in protocol A, but increased these parameters in protocol B; 4) significantly lowered the numbers of T cells and their CD4 + and CD8 + subsets in lungdraining lymph nodes in protocol A, but increased these cell counts in protocol B; 5) reduced intracellular glutathione in AM and lymphocytes in both protocols; and 6) enhanced AR of the OVA-sensitized rats to methacholine challenge in protocol B. These results suggest that the effects of DEP on the immune system, including aggravation or exacerbation of asthma, may be greatly influenced by allergic immune status and time of antigen exposure. vi

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Porphyrin metabolism in lymphocytes of miners exposed to diesel exhaust at oil shale mine

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Residents’ Self-Reported Health Effects and Annoyance in Relation to Air Pollution Exposure in an Industrial Area in Eastern-Estonia

Residents’ Self-Reported Health Effects and Annoyance in Relation to Air Pollution Exposure in an Industrial Area in Eastern-Estonia

Cancer Incidence Trends in the Oil Shale Industrial Region in Estonia

Effect of diesel exhaust particles on allergic reactions and airway responsiveness in ovalbumin-sensitized brown Norway rats

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