Porous Si Microparticles Infiltrated with Magnetic Nanospheres

Abstract

Porous silicon (pSi) microparticles obtained by porosification of crystalline silicon wafers have unique optical properties that, together with biodegradability, biocompatibility and absence of immunogenicity, are fundamental characteristics to candidate them as tracers in optical imaging techniques and as drug carriers. In this work, we focus on the possibility to track down the pSi microparticles also by MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), thus realizing a comprehensive tool for theranostic applications, i.e., the combination of therapy and diagnostics. We have developed and tested an easy, quick and low-cost protocol to infiltrate the COOH-functionalized pSi microparticles pores (tens of nanometers about) with magnetic nanospheres (SPIONs—Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, about 5–7 nm) and allow an electrostatic interaction. The structural properties and the elemental composition were investigated by electron microscopy techniques coupled to elemental analysis to demonstrate the effective attachment of the SPIONs along the pores’ surface of the pSi microparticles. The magnetic properties were investigated under an external magnetic field to determine the relaxivity properties of the material and resulting in an alteration of the relaxivity of water due to the SPIONs presence, clearly demonstrating the effectiveness of the easy functionalization protocol proposed.