Porous permeable metal-ceramic SHS-materials based on steel alloy and natural mineral ilmenite scale

Abstract

The widespread use of road transport dictates the need to create new porous permeable catalytic filter materials with desired properties for cleaning exhaust gases of engines. Recently, composite cermet has taken the lead among catalytic materials for exhaust gas cleaning. When using catalytic materials for cleaning exhaust gases, an unsolved problem now is the problem of substitution in rare-earth metals. In this regard, research aimed at creating new porous permeable catalytic materials with partial or full replacement of materials with rare-earth metals are relevant. Using a method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), a heat-resistant (temperature range 400 – 723 K) porous permeable metal-ceramic material (PPMM) with catalytic properties was obtained. In the basis of the charge, powders of scale of alloyed steel, aluminum, natural mineral ilmenite, as well as oxides of aluminum and chromium are used. The basis of the material is the backbone of cermet, reduced iron, chromium oxides and titanium. The physicomechanical and operational properties of the materials obtained were investigated. Increasing the concentration in the mixture of ilmenite by weight increases the pore diameter, porosity, specific surface area; leads to a reduction in harmful exhaust emissions. Increasing the concentration in the mixture of ilmenite by weight increases the pore diameter, porosity, specific surface area; leads to a reduction in harmful exhaust emissions. It is shown that the material obtained is suitable for the catalytic purification of diesel gases from nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and soot. Neutralizing filters made of materials with additives of the natural mineral ilmenite possess catalytic properties and can be successfully used in cleaning the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.