Porous Organic Polymers as Fire‐Resistant Additives and Precursors for Hyperporous Carbon towards Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Abstract

Cyclotriphosphazene (CP) based porous organic polymers (POPs) have been designed and prepared. The introduction of CP into the porous skeleton endowed special thermal stability and outstanding flame retardancy to prepared polymers. The nonflammable level of PNK-CMP fabricated via the condensation of 2,2'-(1,4-phenylene)diacetonitrile (DAN) and hexakis(4acetylphenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene (HACTP) through Knoevenagel reaction, in vertical burning tests reached V-2 class (UL-94) and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) reached 20.8 %. When used as additive, PNK-CMP could suppress the dissolving out of PEPA effectively, reducing environment pollution and improv-ing the flame retardant efficiency. The POP and PEPA co-added PU (m POP %: m PEPA % = 5.0 %: 5.0 %) could not be ignited under simulated real-scale fire conditions. The nonflammable level of POP/PEPA/PU in vertical burning tests (UL-94) reached V-0 class with a LOI as high as 23.2 %. The smoke emission could also be suppressed, thus reducing the potential for flame spread and fire hazards. Furthermore, carbonization of PNK-CMP under the activation of KOH yield a hyperporous carbon (PNKA-800) with ultrahigh BET surface area (3001 m 2 g À 1 ) and ultramicropore size showing excellent ORR activity in alkaline conditions.

Eco-Friendly Phosphorus and Nitrogen-Rich Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Hypercross-linked Porous Polymers via a Low-Cost Strategy

“…These carbon microspheres showed good performance for CO 2 capture with excellent selectivity, high uptake, and good recyclability. In addition, they demonstrated that cross-linked polyphosphazenes showed good electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction . Similarly, Liu and co-workers have synthesized a POSS-phosphazene-based hybrid material for the adsorption of metal ions from water .…”

“…In addition, they demonstrated that cross-linked polyphosphazenes showed good electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. 42 Similarly, Liu and co-workers have synthesized a POSS-phosphazene-based hybrid material for the adsorption of metal ions from water. 37 The hybrid system showed distinctive basicity due to the presence of N and effectively sequestered metal ions.…”

Nitrogen and Sulfur Enriched Porous Carbon Materials with Trace Fe Derived from Hyper‐Crosslinked Polymer as an Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst

“…The porous structure of HCP‐NS X ‐Y was detected by N 2 adsorption and desorption isotherms. As depicted in Figure 3a, the three materials exhibit typical type‐IV isotherm with a sharp uptake at a low‐pressure region ( P / P 0 <0.1), confirming the presence of abundant micropores [39] . The hysteresis loop in the pressure region ( P / P 0 =0.4–1.0) suggests the mesoporous nature of the materials.…”

“…As depicted in Figure 3a, the three materials exhibit typical type-IV isotherm with a sharp uptake at a low-pressure region (P/P 0 < 0.1), confirming the presence of abundant micropores. [39] The hysteresis loop in the pressure region (P/P 0 = 0.4-1.0) suggests the mesoporous nature of the materials. Moreover, the sharp increase in the N 2 Scheme 1.…”

Nanosized porous artificial enzyme as a pH-sensitive doxorubicin delivery system for joint enzymatic and chemotherapy towards tumor treatment

“…4,5 The inherent properties of porous carbon-based materials (PCMs), such as low production cost, 6 excellent stability, 7 good biocompatibility 8 and low cytotoxicity 9 make them applicable to widespread fields from electronic devices to living systems. [10][11][12][13][14][15] The feature of designability endowed PCMs with unique advantages as drug carriers. [16][17][18] The enzyme-like sites and drugs could be simultaneously introduced into the porous skeleton, thereby achieving combination therapies and enhancing the therapeutic effect.…”