Porous Organic-Polymer-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanoparticles for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis and Supercapacitors

Abstract

Heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials have shown great potential of application in energy conversion and storage. In this work, a novel nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanomaterial has been synthesized by directly pyrolyzing the tetrazine/pyridine/triazine-containing porous organic polymer under inert conditions. Benefiting from the high surface area (574 m2 g–1) and enriched nitrogen doping (5.63 at. % N), the obtained porous carbon nanoparticles (TPOP-900) used as metal-free ORR electrocatalyst possesses better electrochemical performance (E 0 = 11 mV; E 1/2 = −90 mV vs Ag/AgCl) than that of Pt/C. Moreover, the TPOP-900 served as electrode material for supercapacitor; it exhibits relatively high specific capacitance (250 F g–1 at 0.5 A g–1) and excellent cycling stability (95.75% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles) in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte.

Hyper-Crosslinked Polymer-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon as Metal-Free Electrocatalysts for High-Efficiency Oxygen Reduction

“…There are no obvious N 1s peaks in the curves of Ben-HCP- x and Py-HCP- x as a control (Figure S6), which further indicates that NH 3 activation is the key factor for introducing the nitrogen element into the resulting carbon samples. The high-resolution N 1s peaks of the resulting carbon samples suggest the presence of four types of N bonding values including oxidized N (402–404 eV), graphitic N (400.9 eV), pyrrolic N (399.7 eV), and pyridinic N (398.2 eV) (Figure c,e). − The pyrrolic N, pyridinic N, and total N contents of the resulting carbon samples show a decreasing trend with increasing pyrolysis temperature under a NH 3 atmosphere, which demonstrates that the N contents and N species could be tunable by the pyrolysis temperature (Figure f and Table S2). As we know, the large content of pyridinic N provides greater efficient active sites to enhance electrocatalytic activity, which makes the resulting carbon samples with a large surface area and a hierarchical pore structure more prospective to show excellent catalytic activity for ORR.…”

Generation of Strong Basic Site on Hypercrosslinked Porous Polymers as Catalyst for the Catalytic Oxidation of Methylene Compounds

“…The XPS was tested to further show the reducing group transformation before and after the calcinations (Figure ). For C1s of HCP‐1 (Figure A), as can be seen that three components can be deconvoluted, corresponding to the sp2‐hybridized carbon (284.6 eV), sp3‐hybridized carbon (285.3 eV) and п‐п* shake‐up satellite (290.8 eV), respectively, for K‐HCP‐1, two new peaks 287.0 eV and 288.8 eV appeared, which ascribed to C=O, O−C=O respectively, indicating that vinyl is oxidized to aldehyde and carboxyl groups during the reduction of KNO 3 to basic species. For pristine HCP‐2 (Figure B), The C1s spectrum exists four main different environments at 284.6 eV (sp2‐hybridized carbon), 285.3 eV (sp3‐hybridized carbon), 287.0 eV (C=O) and 290.8 eV (п‐п* shake‐up satellite), as for K‐HCP‐2, the content of the O−C=O is obviously higher than that on HCP‐2, meaning the larger portion aldehyde is oxidized to carboxyl group.…”

Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchical Meso/Microporous Carbon from Bamboo Fungus for Symmetric Supercapacitor Applications

“…The high-resolution XPS spectra of the detected three elements are collected as well. For C 1s peak shown in Figure 6b, it is fitted into four parts centered at 284.8, 285.7, 286.7 and 289.3 eV, corresponding to C−C/C=C, C−N, C−O and C=O bonding, respectively [27,28,29,30]. For O 1s region exhibited in Figure 6c, several oxygen-containing groups including C=O (531.6 eV), C−O−C (532.8 eV) and C−OH/N−O−C (533.8 eV) bonding are apparently demonstrated [14,27,31,32].…”

“…It is clear that the C s value gradually declines as the current density ascends, and the maximum one is as high as 228 F g −1 at a low current density of 0.5 A g −1 . Of note, this C s value is not only preferable to that of NHPC-700 (196 F g −1 ), NHPC-900 (183 F g −1 ) and CC (62 F g −1 ) electrodes but also better than the largest specific capacitance of a number of biomass-derived porous carbon electrodes [29,33,35,36,37,38,39,40,41]. When high current densities of 10 and 40 A g −1 are applied, the C s values still reach up to 156 and 132 F g −1 , respectively.…”