Porous Organic Frameworks: Advanced Materials in Analytical Chemistry

Abstract

Porous organic frameworks (POFs), a general term for covalent‐organic frameworks (COFs), covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs), etc., are constructed from organic building monomers with strong covalent bonds and have generated great interest among researchers. The remarkable features, such as large surface areas, permanent porosity, high thermal and chemical stability, and convenient functionalization, promote the great potential of POFs in diverse applications. A critical overview of the important development in the design and synthesis of COFs, CTFs, and PAFs is provided and their state‐of‐the‐art applications in analytical chemistry are discussed. POFs and their functional composites have been explored as advanced materials in “turn‐off” or “turn‐on” fluorescence detection and novel stationary phases for chromatographic separation, as well as a promising adsorbent for sample preparation methods. In addition, the prospects for the synthesis and utilization of POFs in analytical chemistry are also presented. These prospects can offer an outlook and reference for further study of the applications of POFs.

Emerging Functional Porous Polymeric and Carbonaceous Materials for Environmental Treatment and Energy Storage

“…With their high porosity, tailorable pore surface chemistry, and valuable electric/electrochemical/photoelectric properties in many conjugated cases, emerging porous polymers have found vast applications in molecular separation, energy storage, catalysis, sensor, drug delivery, and so on. [33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] At the same time, integrated with heteroatomic carbon frameworks, electric conductive network, chemical stability and versatile porous architectures, carbonaceous derivatives of porous polymers are good complementation of porous polymers in many fields, especially as the active electrode materials in energy storage. [47,48] As mentioned above, porosity and functional chemistry synergize the performances of porous polymeric and carbonaceous materials.…”

Metal-free activation of molecular oxygen by covalent triazine frameworks for selective aerobic oxidation

“…In general, CTFs can be classified into two categories, i.e., amorphous (34,35) and crystalline (36). These materials can offer a good opportunity to develop highly efficient heterogeneous metal-free (photo) catalysts in the future (37)(38)(39).…”

A neutral porous organic polymer host for the recognition of anionic dyes in water

“…POPs are highly crosslinked, amorphous hydrocarbon frameworks that can maintain permanent porosity owing to their rigid and inexible backbones. [47][48][49] Even though POPs are insoluble, these polymeric architectures Fig. 1 Cartoon schematic illustrating the approach used in this study to bind anionic dyes (yellow sphere) in water with a porous organic polymer host (brown cube) with neutral hydrogen (H) bonding functional groups (pink receptor).…”