Porous nitrogen-doped carbon derived from silk fibroin protein encapsulating sulfur as a superior cathode material for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Zhang, Jiawei; Cai, Yurong; Zhong, Qiwei; Lai, Dongzhi; Yao, Juming

doi:10.1039/c5nr04768d

Cited by 104 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…25 Recently, silk broin protein had been used to produce porous nitrogendoped carbon material for Li-S batteries. 26 The cathode had a capacity retention of 98% at 1C aer 200 cycles, which was partially attributed to the nitrogen doping for the adsorption of polysuldes. Xie et al prepared a boron-doped 3D graphene aerogel via a one-pot hydrothermal treatment process.…”

Section: -9mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak components at 399.97, 401.49, and 404.13 eV were ascribed to the pyrrolic-like N, graphitic N, and oxidized N respectively, with atomic concentration of 71.48%, 24.34%, and 4.18% respectively. 26 Pyridinic and pyrrolic N were formed at the defects sites, and these defects imposed a p-doping effect by withdrawing electrons from the graphene platelet, 62 which was benecial to immobilize polysulde species to effectively enhance the electrochemical performance of sulfur cathodes. 63,64 Aer 1C rate cycles, the pyridinic-type N became indiscernible and the content of pyrrolic-like N increased, indicating the transformation of pyridinic N to pyrrolic N during the chargedischarge processes which is in agreement with the high electrocatalytic activity of this conguration.…”

Section: 61mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile synthesis of mesoporous graphene platelets with in situ nitrogen and sulfur doping for lithium–sulfur batteries

et al. 2017

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The interaction between lithium polysulfides and doped heteroatoms could prevent the loss of soluble polysulfides in the cathode and mitigate the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries. Herein, a facile synthesis of mesoporous graphene platelets (NSGs) with in situ nitrogen and sulfur doping by the pyrolysis of a self-assembled L-cysteine precursor on sodium chloride crystal surface for structuredirecting is presented. The mesoporous lamellar structure of the NSG possesses a uniform distribution of pyrrolic N, pyridinic N, and thiosulphate structured heteroatoms originating from in situ doping, which promotes the confinement of intermediate polysulfides. Combining the strong interactions with soluble polysulfide, flexible mesoporous architecture, and high conductivity of graphene, the prepared NSG material exhibited a high initial capacity of 1433 mA h g À1 at a 2C rate as well as a reversible capacity of 684 mA h g À1 after 200 cycles. This demonstrates that the in situ nitrogen and sulfur doped thin lamellar structure of graphene would be a promising cathode material for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

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Section: -9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 61mentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of mesoporous graphene platelets with in situ nitrogen and sulfur doping for lithium–sulfur batteries

et al. 2017

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“…The XPS survey spectrum in Figure S5 (Supporting Information) clearly shows the existence of C and N. The weight percent for N is as high as 15.31 wt%, much higher than that of the N-doped carbon materials reported. [7,9,22,23] The high N content benefits the adsorption of lithium polysulfides via the Li-N interaction. [6,14,16,24] Besides the C and N peaks, an oxygen (O) peak is also observed, which might arise from the adsorbed O species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Silica Sphere to Hollow Carbon Nitride‐Based Sphere: Rational Design of Sulfur Host with Both Chemisorption and Physical Confinement

Meng

Ying

et al. 2017

Adv Materials Inter

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namely a high theoretical specific energy of ≈2500 W h kg −1 for Li-S battery. [1,2] What is more, sulfur is low cost, nontoxic, and natural abundant. Despite these considerable advantages, the development of sulfur cathode is still hindered by several obstacles. Foremost among these is the "shuttle effect." The lithium polysulfides with high solubility formed in both charge and discharge processes diffuse into the electrolyte and then react with lithium anodes, which causes low coulombic efficiency, rapid capacity decay, and severe self-discharge of the cells. The second is the relatively low utilization of the active materials resulting from the insulating nature of sulfur, Li 2 S 2 / Li 2 S discharge products. The third is the volumetric and structural change of sulfur during charging and discharging. [3,4] Various materials have been introduced as sulfur hosts in attempt to address the above mentioned issues, including the carbon materials, [1,[5][6][7][8][9] conductive polymers, [10,11] metal oxides, [12,13] etc. Very recently, the use of carbon nitride-based materials as sulfur hosts has been investigated in a number of articles. Pang and Nazar employed a nanoporous graphitic C 3 N 4 (g-C 3 N 4 ) with large surface area as a sulfur host.[14] The abundant nitrogen (N) atoms on the g-C 3 N 4 form Li-N chemical interaction with lithium polysulfides, [14][15][16] which retards the diffusion of lithium polysulfides into the electrolyte effectively. However, the g-C 3 N 4 has intrinsically poor electrical conductivity, thus the adsorbed polysulfides are difficult to be reduced directly on the g-C 3 N 4 surface especially at high current density, resulting in relatively low sulfur utilization. [13] Zhang and co-workers reported a simple method to synthesize graphene-like oxygenated carbon nitride material (OCN) and used it as a sulfur host. Compared with the poorly conductive g-C 3 N 4 host material, the improved capacity performance was obtained for OCN-900 composite. [17] So far, it has been proved utilization of carbon nitride-based materials as lithium polysulfides anchoring hosts is effective. Yet just as most other polar material with lithium polysulfides anchoring abilities, carbon nitride-based materials can only adsorb lithium polysulfides near their surfaces. When the surface area is too low and the sulfur content is higher than a certain value, the host materials are not able to provide sufficient interfaces to anchor all of the lithium polysulfides. [13] Therefore, rational design of the structure of carbon nitride-based materials become important.To suppress the shuttle effect and improve the sulfur utilization in lithiumsulfur battery, a novel hollow carbon nitride-based spheres material (HCN x ) has been synthesized via polymerization of ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride on silica spheres and used as a sulfur host. The rational designed structure of HCN x retards diffusion of lithium polysulfides by both chemisorption and physical confinement. The enhanced conductivity of HCN x improves the u...

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“…To further study the influence of PPy hollow spheres on the chemical structure of the electrode material, the XPS measurement was carried out, and the results were shown in Table and Figure . The components of C, N, O, and S of CTF and CTF/PPy are resolved by deconvolution of the high‐resolution C 1s (284.8 eV ± 0.1 eV), N 1s (398.3 eV ± 0.1 eV), O 1s (531.8 eV ± 0.2 eV), and S 2p (163.9 eV ± 0.2 eV) spectra in Figure a . In Figure b, the C 1s spectra of CTF and CTF/PPy are divided into three peaks representing CC, CC, and CH (284.6 eV), CN/CO (285.8 eV), and CO (287.8 eV), respectively .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonized thiourea formaldehyde resin blending polypyrrole hollow spheres composites with improved supercapacitor performances as electrodes

Jiang

Niu

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Thiourea formaldehyde resin has been condensation‐polymerized in the polypyrrole hollow spheres suspension to obtain TF/PPy. Then, TF/PPy has been carbonized at 750 °C to acquire CTF/PPy composites. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope images were used to observe the morphology of the samples, TGA, XRD, Raman, XPS, and BET were used to analyze the structure of the materials. The results show PPy was blended with the TF resin, and the obtained CTF/PPy exhibited improved supercapacitive performances compared with CTF. The specific capacitance of CTF/PPy is 226.8 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1 according to GCD curves, much higher than that of CTF. More interestingly, the cycling retention of CTF/PPy electrode at the current density of 10 A g−1 is up to 120.2% after 10 000 cycles. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47816.

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Porous nitrogen-doped carbon derived from silk fibroin protein encapsulating sulfur as a superior cathode material for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Cited by 104 publications

References 40 publications

Facile synthesis of mesoporous graphene platelets with in situ nitrogen and sulfur doping for lithium–sulfur batteries

Facile synthesis of mesoporous graphene platelets with in situ nitrogen and sulfur doping for lithium–sulfur batteries

From Silica Sphere to Hollow Carbon Nitride‐Based Sphere: Rational Design of Sulfur Host with Both Chemisorption and Physical Confinement

Carbonized thiourea formaldehyde resin blending polypyrrole hollow spheres composites with improved supercapacitor performances as electrodes

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