Porous Medium Modeling of Combined Effects of Cell Migration and Anisotropicity of Stratum Corneum on Transdermal Drug Delivery

Narasimhan, Arunn; Joseph, Angel

doi:10.1115/1.4030923

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Many studies have implemented Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques to simulate the fluid flow, heat, and mass transfer through human skin. Darcy's model is generally used to describe the fluid flow across skin layers (Narasimhan & Joseph, 2015). To determine the diffusion phenomena, the mass transport equation is used (Walicka & Iwanowska-Chomiak, 2018), while the Penne's model is used to model heat transfer through skin tissues (Pennes, 1948).…”

Section: Numerical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of passive drug diffusion through human skin via intercellular and sweat duct route: effect of aging

Ranjan,

Duryodhan,

Patil

2024

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

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A method of drug delivery that could provide control over medicine reaching the bloodstream for systemic circulation would be of immense importance. This work presents a comparative study of the temporal and spatial variation of drugs diffusing passively through two separate routes of human skin, namely intercellular (ICR) and sweat duct route (SDR). Analysis is carried out for two age groups (young < 40 years and old > 60 years of age). Governing equations based on Fick's law for mass transfer has been solved numerically using an in-house developed code. The code has been validated thoroughly with numerical and experimental work from literature. Each skin route is modeled into three compartments sandwiched between donor and receiver compartment.To understand the role of diffusion and partition coefficient on drug permeation, four drugs, namely hydrocortisone, transcinnamic acid, caffeine, and benzoic acid, are considered. Drug diffusion rate is found greater through ICR as compared to SDR. Further, the amount of drugs diffusing through both routes increases with age. Desirable drug characteristic is inferred to be a lower value of partition coefficient and a higher value of diffusion coefficient. This study could lead to real-time assessment of medicines reaching the bloodstream and beyond.

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Section: Numerical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of passive drug diffusion through human skin via intercellular and sweat duct route: effect of aging

Ranjan,

Duryodhan,

Patil

2024

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

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show abstract

Section: Numerical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of passive drug diffusion through human skin via intercellular and sweat duct route: effect of aging

Ranjan

Duryodhan

Patil

2023

Preprint

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A method of drug delivery that could provide control over medicine reaching the bloodstream for systemic circulation would be of immense importance. This work presents a comparative study of the temporal and spatial variation of drugs diffusing passively through two separate routes of human skin, namely intercellular (ICR) and sweat duct route (SDR). Analysis is carried out for two age groups (young < 40 years and old > 60 years of age). Governing equations based on Fick’s law for mass transfer has been solved numerically using an in-house developed code. The code has been validated thoroughly with numerical and experimental work from literature. Each skin route is modeled into three compartments sandwiched between donor and receiver compartment. To understand the role of diffusion and partition coefficient on drug permeation, four drugs, namely hydrocortisone, transcinnamic acid, caffeine, and benzoic acid, are considered. Drug diffusion rate is found greater through ICR as compared to SDR. Further, the amount of drugs diffusing through both routes increases with age. Desirable drug characteristic is inferred to be a lower value of partition coefficient and a higher value of diffusion coefficient. This study could lead to real-time assessment of medicines reaching the bloodstream and beyond.

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“…The adequate simulation of flow and drug transport in these models requires an understanding of the key physical properties of the skin. Narasimhan et al described a detailed numerical model for transdermal drug delivery by considering the skin as a composite, porous material [ 83 ]. The authors provided the equations governing the diffusion through the porous medium in the different skin layers.…”

Section: Key Requirements For the Development Of Skin-on-a-chip Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin-on-a-Chip Technology: Microengineering Physiologically Relevant In Vitro Skin Models

Zoio

Oliva

2022

Pharmaceutics

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The increased demand for physiologically relevant in vitro human skin models for testing pharmaceutical drugs has led to significant advancements in skin engineering. One of the most promising approaches is the use of in vitro microfluidic systems to generate advanced skin models, commonly known as skin-on-a-chip (SoC) devices. These devices allow the simulation of key mechanical, functional and structural features of the human skin, better mimicking the native microenvironment. Importantly, contrary to conventional cell culture techniques, SoC devices can perfuse the skin tissue, either by the inclusion of perfusable lumens or by the use of microfluidic channels acting as engineered vasculature. Moreover, integrating sensors on the SoC device allows real-time, non-destructive monitoring of skin function and the effect of topically and systemically applied drugs. In this Review, the major challenges and key prerequisites for the creation of physiologically relevant SoC devices for drug testing are considered. Technical (e.g., SoC fabrication and sensor integration) and biological (e.g., cell sourcing and scaffold materials) aspects are discussed. Recent advancements in SoC devices are here presented, and their main achievements and drawbacks are compared and discussed. Finally, this review highlights the current challenges that need to be overcome for the clinical translation of SoC devices.

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Porous Medium Modeling of Combined Effects of Cell Migration and Anisotropicity of Stratum Corneum on Transdermal Drug Delivery

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

A comparative study of passive drug diffusion through human skin via intercellular and sweat duct route: effect of aging

A comparative study of passive drug diffusion through human skin via intercellular and sweat duct route: effect of aging

A comparative study of passive drug diffusion through human skin via intercellular and sweat duct route: effect of aging

Skin-on-a-Chip Technology: Microengineering Physiologically Relevant In Vitro Skin Models

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