Porous Media Condensing Heat Exchanger with Integral Gas Liquid Separation for Space Flight Use

Althausen, D.; Quinn, Frank D.; Bunnell, Charles T.; P, Brook; Daidzic, Nihad E.

doi:10.2514/6.2006-1337

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Nitrogen Phase Separation During Free Fall to Inform Design of Future Microgravity Cryogenic Rankine Power Cycles

Fernández

Traum

2014

Proc. Wisc. Space Conf.

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IntroductionOn Earth, potential solutions for our sustainable, enduring, high-density power needs are plentiful. However, in space no practical solutions currently exist to support long-term manned interplanetary missions. These missions require power sources possessing three critical attributes: high power density, longevity, and continuous operation independent of direct sunlight. Many existing space power technologies have two, but not all three of these critical elements.The two Voyager spacecraft use radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs), which are extremely robust and long-lived with 50-year operational lives. Of the three essential attributes for interplanetary manned space missions, RTG's possess two: longevity and operation independent of sunlight. However, their energy density is low. Newly produced RTG's generate about 120 watts of electrical power and weigh about 45 kg, yielding an energy density of about 2.67 W/kg. i This low power density is far too small to support manned space missions.

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