Porous Gold Nanoshells on Functional NH₂‐MOFs: Facile Synthesis and Designable Platforms for Cancer Multiple Therapy

Abstract

AuroShell nanoparticles (sealed gold nanoshell on silica) are the only inorganic materials that are approved for clinical trial for photothermal ablation of solid tumors. Based on that, porous gold nanoshell structures are thus critical for cancer multiple theranostics in the future owing to their inherent cargo-loading ability. Nevertheless, adjusting the diverse experimental parameters of the reported procedures to obtain porous gold nanoshell structures is challenging. Herein, a series of amino-functionalized porous metal-organic frameworks (NH -MOFs) nanoparticles are uncovered as superior templates for porous gold nanoshell deposition (NH -MOFs@Au ) by means of a more facile and general one-step method, which combines the enriched functionalities of NH -MOFs with those of porous gold nanoshells. Moreover, in order to illustrate the promising applications of this method in biomedicine, platinum nanozymes-encapsulated NH -MOFs are further designed with porous gold nanoshell coating and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6)-loaded nanoparticles with continuous O -evolving ability (Pt@UiO-66-NH @Au -Ce6). The combination of photodynamic and photothermal therapy is then carried out both in vitro and in vivo, achieving excellent synergistic therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, this work not only presents a facile strategy to fabricate functionalized porous gold nanoshell structures, but also illustrates an excellent synergistic tumor therapy strategy.

ZD2‐Engineered Gold Nanostar@Metal‐Organic Framework Nanoprobes for T1‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Photothermal Therapy Specifically Toward Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer

“…Nanoscale MOFs are regarded as ideal nanoprobes for biomedical applications . However, in order to achieve multifunctional theranostic applications, it is desirable to synthesize MOF‐based nanocomposites by incorporating metal nanoparticles within MOF . As a typical kind of metal nanomaterial, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) show excellent performances in surface enhanced Raman scattering imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and photothermal therapy (PTT), and are expected to have better theranostic performance by combining with MOFs.…”

Persistent Regulation of Tumor Hypoxia Microenvironment via a Bioinspired Pt‐Based Oxygen Nanogenerator for Multimodal Imaging‐Guided Synergistic Phototherapy

“…An outerlayer of porous gold nanoshells was formed on the surface of the NH 2 ‐modified PtMs (PtMGs) by anchoring the gold seeds from the overnight‐aged HAuCl 4 –K 2 CO 3 solution to the amino groups on the surface of PtMs via electrostatic adsorption followed by local reduction in polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and a mild reductant (formaldehyde). This one‐step synthesis method [ 21 ] enabled rapid, facile, and straightforward coating of the porous gold nanoshells outside the nanoparticle cores. TEM images revealed a relative uniform layer of gold nanoshells coated on the surfaces of PtMs and the morphological structures remained almost unchanged (Figure 1a‐IV).…”

“…In this regard, the tailorable synthesis and the tunable pore aperture of MOF make it a promising template to construct GNSs. In our design, the porous GNSs were constructed by a rapid and straightforward one‐step method [ 21 ] in which the gold was grafted on the template of Pt‐loaded MOFs (Pt‐MOF@GNSs, PtMGs). The obtained PtMGs were further decorated with human serum albumin (HSA)‐gadolinium (Gd) hybrids (HSA‐Gd, HGd) (PtMG@HGd) [ 22 ] to enable MR imaging utilizing the high longitudinal proton relaxivity of Gd.…”

Rational Design of IR820‐ and Ce6‐Based Versatile Micelle for Single NIR Laser–Induced Imaging and Dual‐Modal Phototherapy

“…With distinct mechanisms of action, the integration of PTT and PDT into one nanoplatform holds great potential to achieve highly efficient cancer therapy . However, in such combined therapy, two different excitation wavelengths are usually required for the activation of PTT and PDT, leading to complicated treatment process and prolonged therapeutic time. Thus, it is highly desirable to design a nanoplatform with single NIR light–induced phototherapy.…”