Porosity control in nanoporous carbide-derived carbon by oxidation in air and carbon dioxide

Osswald, Sebastian; Portet, Cristelle; Gogotsi, Yury; Laudisio, G.; Singer, Jonathan P.; Fischer, J. E.; Соколов, В. В.; Kukushkina, Yu. A.; Kravchik, A. E.

doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2009.04.017

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These profiles suggested interparticle slits between non-porous particles. Surface [20]. Pore size distributions ( Figure S2 in the SI) showed that chemical treatments retained the pore-free surface morphologies of all three graphite electrode materials.…”

Section: Materials Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Electrode Surface Composition of Dual-Intercalation, All-Graphite Batteries

Dyatkin

Halim

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2017

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Dual-intercalation batteries implement graphite electrodes as both cathodes and anodes and offer high specific energy, inexpensive and environmentally sustainable materials, and high operating voltages. Our research investigated the influence of surface composition on capacities and cycling efficiencies of chemically functionalized all-graphite battery electrodes. We subjected core-shell spherical particles and synthetic graphite flakes to high-temperature air oxidation, and hydrogenation to introduce, respectively, -OH, and -H surface functional groups. We identified noticeable influences of electrode surface chemistry on first-cycle efficiencies and charge storage densities of anion and cation intercalation into graphite electrodes. We matched oxidized cathodes and hydrogenated anodes in dual-ion batteries and improved their overall performance. Our approach provides novel fundamental insight into the anion intercalation process and suggests inexpensive and environmentally sustainable methods to improve performance of these grid-scale energy storage systems.

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Section: Materials Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Electrode Surface Composition of Dual-Intercalation, All-Graphite Batteries

Dyatkin

Halim

Read

2017

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“…Tuning of the pore size distribution (PSD) with sub-Angström accuracy makes it possible to optimize CDC for a specific application such as gas storage, tribology or electrochemistry [8,11,12]. Post-synthesis annealing is a common way to further modify the properties of porous carbon to remove residual chlorine from the CDC synthesis and to improve sorption properties by obtaining a particular surface termination or to increase the SSA up to 3300 m 2 /g [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced hydrogen and methane gas storage of silicon oxycarbide derived carbon

Vakifahmetoğlu

Presser

Yeon

et al. 2011

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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“…Since gas phase activation enables cleaner production it is more favorable than liquid phase chemical activation. 9,10 Carbon dioxide and H 2 O steam are the most widespread activating agents due to the cost-efficiency and endothermic nature of their reactions which allows better process control. 1 Previously we have shown that gas phase activation with CO 2 of silicon carbide-derived carbon (SiC-CDC) resulted in doubling of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and noticeable increase in pore size.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam and Carbon Dioxide Co-Activated Silicon Carbide-Derived Carbons for High Power Density Electrical Double Layer Capacitors

Tee

Tallo

Thomberg

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Different mico-mesoporous silicon carbide-derived carbons (SiC-CDC) were synthesized via gas phase chlorination at 1100 • C and thereafter activated at 900 • C and 1000 • C with H 2 O steam using Ar and CO 2 as the carrier gases. The physical characterization data show that these materials are mainly amorphous, the structure does not change remarkably during the activation process and the surface chemistry of the differently activated and treated materials remains the same and there are no functional groups at the SiC-CDC surface. N 2 , Ar and CO 2 sorption measurements indicate an increase in the specific surface area and pore size distribution with increasing the activation temperature, whereas the influence of the carrier gas during synthesis is minimal. Although the specific surface areas and pore size distributions differed, the electrochemical parameters in 1 M (C 2 H 5 ) 3 CH 3 NBF 4 acetonitrile solution for all SiC-CDC materials were similar -specific gravimetric capacitances 130 ± 18 F g −1 and volumetric capacitance 67 ± 14 F cm Activated carbon materials are widely studied for several energy storage applications. In electrical-double layer capacitors (EDLC) different carbon materials are used for preparing the hierarchically micromesoporous electrodes.1-6 The use of activated carbon electrodes in EDLC-s is taking advantages of its micro-mesoporous structure to reduce the electrode's electrical resistance and improve energy storage performance.1 Organic and waste materials are quite often being used to prepare cost-effective carbon materials, but carbide-derived carbons (CDC) have an unique nanoporous structure with a narrow pore size distribution, a possibility to fine-tune the pore size and volume and also they have high electric conductivity.1,6-9 These properties make the CDC materials especially promising for energy storage/power generation applications. 2,4,8 To improve the carbon materials specific surface area and average pore size they are often activated by gas phase or liquid phase activation. Since gas phase activation enables cleaner production it is more favorable than liquid phase chemical activation.9,10 Carbon dioxide and H 2 O steam are the most widespread activating agents due to the cost-efficiency and endothermic nature of their reactions which allows better process control. 1Previously we have shown that gas phase activation with CO 2 of silicon carbide-derived carbon (SiC-CDC) resulted in doubling of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and noticeable increase in pore size.12 Due to that the electrochemical parameters where significantly enhanced.12,13 Román et al. have reported that while CO 2 produces narrow micropores on the carbons and widens them as activation time is increased, steam yields pores of all the sizes from the early stages of the process and results in wider pore size distribution and more obvious development of macropores in the carbon materials.9,11 Steam activation has been widely used before for different activated carbons, but it is not m...

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Porosity control in nanoporous carbide-derived carbon by oxidation in air and carbon dioxide

Cited by 61 publications

References 44 publications

Electrode Surface Composition of Dual-Intercalation, All-Graphite Batteries

Electrode Surface Composition of Dual-Intercalation, All-Graphite Batteries

Enhanced hydrogen and methane gas storage of silicon oxycarbide derived carbon

Steam and Carbon Dioxide Co-Activated Silicon Carbide-Derived Carbons for High Power Density Electrical Double Layer Capacitors

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