Porosity as key factor in the durability of two historical building stones: Neapolitan Yellow Tuff and Vicenza Stone

Benedetto, Claudia Di; Cappelletti, Piergiulio; Favaro, Monica; Graziano, Sossio Fabio; Langella, Alessio; Calcaterra, Domenico; Colella, Abner

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.05.006

Cited by 71 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The presence of voids in the rock greatly affects its physical-mechanical behavior (e.g., Dunn et al 1973;Dearman et al 1978;Tugrul and Gurpinar 1997;Palchik and Hatzor 2004;Sousa et al 2005;Baud et al 2014;Di Benedetto et al 2015;Pappalardo et al 2016a). This is a relevant issue since rocks, besides being employed as construction materials, are often involved in engineering geological works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Use of Infrared Thermography for Porosity Assessment of Intact Rock

Mineo

Pappalardo

2016

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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Preliminary results on a new test for the indirect assessment of porosity through infrared thermography are presented. The study of the cooling behavior of rock samples in laboratory, through the analysis of thermograms, proved an innovative tool for the estimation of such an important property, which is one of the main features affecting the mechanical behavior of rocks. A detailed experimentation was performed on artificially heated volcanic rock samples characterized by different porosity values. The cooling trend was described both graphically and numerically, with the help of cooling curves and Cooling Rate Index. The latter, which proved strictly linked to porosity, was employed to find reliable equations for its indirect estimation. Simple and multiple regression analyses returned satisfactory outcomes, highlighting the great match between predicted and measured porosity values, thus confirming the goodness of the proposed model. This study brings a novelty in rock mechanics, laying the foundation for future researches aimed at refining achieved results for the validation of the model in a larger scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Use of Infrared Thermography for Porosity Assessment of Intact Rock

Mineo

Pappalardo

2016

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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“…It is possible that in a highly humid environment increasing temperatures can cause the loss of adsorbed water in clay minerals and subsequently reduce the related moisture expansion. Thermal contraction related to decreasing moisture content has been confirmed by recent research, such as shrinking of rocks with clay minerals (Weiss et al, 2004) or zeolitic cements (Di Benedetto et al, 2015). Except for the loss of free or adsorbed water in rocks, high temperatures reduce the water from other sources, such as the interlayer water from very close mineral surfaces and chemically combined water from hydration reaction (Halsey et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Except for the loss of free or adsorbed water in rocks, high temperatures reduce the water from other sources, such as the interlayer water from very close mineral surfaces and chemically combined water from hydration reaction (Halsey et al, 1998). Thermal contraction related to decreasing moisture content has been confirmed by recent research, such as shrinking of rocks with clay minerals (Weiss et al, 2004) or zeolitic cements (Di Benedetto et al, 2015). Although the mechanism of rock moisture expansion was not the focus of this study, with a difference of 21°C in temperature, thermal contractions of 0.14-0.35 cm 3 were measured on the noncolonized rock surface (Figure 8(c)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Experimental investigations into the influence of biofilms and environmental factors on short‐term microtopographic fluctuations of supratidal sandstone

Yuan

Kennedy

Stephenson

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In this study laboratory experiments were used to explore the role of biofilms, formed by lithobiontic microorganism communities, in causing hourly surface changes of supratidal sandstone and the potential linkage to long‐term rock decay. To isolate the influence of individual environmental factors (temperature and humidity) on rock surface changes (expansion and contraction), a colonized (biofilm‐covered) and a non‐colonized sandstone block (biofilm‐free) underwent the same univariate microclimatic simulations closely controlled by an environmental chamber. Simulations were run under three different light conditions, with a natural light lamp on, on and off at 20‐min intervals and off, to investigate the impact of light on rock surface dynamics. Measured with a traversing micro‐erosion meter (TMEM), two‐hourly microtopographic fluctuations of these two sandstone blocks were compared in the same environment. Induced by microclimatic variations, surface movements of significantly higher magnitude (12–120% under varying tempeature and 121–154% under varying humidity) and different change patterns were observed on the colonized block, indicating the primary role of biofilm in driving microtopographic fluctuations of supratidal sandstone. However, thermally driven changes of similar magnitude and pattern were observed on both surfaces, suggesting other mechanisms also operating on the non‐colonized rock surface in this process. Due to the sensitivity of biofilm microorganism communities to light, the magnitude and pattern of surface changes was impacted by light condition. Because biofilms increased the magnitude and number of cycles of expansion and contraction of the experimental rock surface, we propose that lithobiontic biofilms facilitate the detachment of grains and granular disintegration on the rock surface, consequently contributing to rock decay and accelerating the rate of breakdown of supratidal rock. This short‐term episode therefore needs to be superimposed on longer term studies to fully understand the role of biofilms in rock surface change. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The average value of void ratio of tuff samples in the studied quarries ranges between 0.12 and 0.37 (Hanishi), the porosity ranged from 10.57% to 27.12%, and the dry density ranged between 1.66 and 2.25 gm/cm 3 . Their measured uniaxial compressive strength is from 24 to 68 MPa and their tensile strength (flexural test, T) ranges between 4 to 10 MPa.…”

Section: Laboratory Tests and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dimension stone is used extensively for paving and tiling, interior finishes, landscaping, monuments and statuary and building restoration [2]. Volcanic tuffs have been used as dimension stones in many countries since ancient times, including Italy [3] and The Netherlands [4]. Up until the early part of the twentieth century D structural stonework dominated, but with the development of steel-framed buildings, facing stone became more important [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Properties of Volcanic Tuff from the Western Part of Yemen

Barahim

Al-Akhaly

Shamsan

2018

SQU Journal for Science

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This paper deals with a study of the physical and mechanical characteristics of volcanic tuff and ignimbrite from six quarries located at different areas in the western part of Yemen (Manakha, Jahran, Bakhran, Dar Al-Hanash, Abaser and Soraifa). In the region, volcanic tuffs and ignimbrite are locally known by their location names and have been used as solid masonry and cladding stones. All the investigated pyroclastic rocks belong to the Tertiary volcanic. The standard physical and mechanical tests (void ratio, porosity, density, specific gravity, water absorption, uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength) were carried out on the tuff and ignimbrite samples collected from different parts of the region.Laboratory tests revealed that the void ratio average values range between 0.12 and 0.37, the porosity ranges between 10.57 and 27.12%, the dry density ranges between 1.66 and 2.25 gm/cm 3 , specific gravity ranges from 1.45 to 1.94, and water absorption ranges from 4.69 to 16.39%. The measured uniaxial compressive strength values range from 24 to 68 MPa, and the tensile strength values range between 4 and 10 MPa. These tuffs and ignimbrites generally are light green, gray, beige, or yellowish in color. With these colors they are favoured for building, coating and decorative stone. This paper concludes that the studied stones have acceptable to good properties as dimension stone. Jahrani and Manakhi tuffs are the best quality, whereas Hanashi ignimbrite is of poorer quality.

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Porosity as key factor in the durability of two historical building stones: Neapolitan Yellow Tuff and Vicenza Stone

Cited by 71 publications

References 13 publications

The Use of Infrared Thermography for Porosity Assessment of Intact Rock

The Use of Infrared Thermography for Porosity Assessment of Intact Rock

Experimental investigations into the influence of biofilms and environmental factors on short‐term microtopographic fluctuations of supratidal sandstone

Engineering Properties of Volcanic Tuff from the Western Part of Yemen

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